[edk2-devel] Casting i128 into f64 in UEFI Rust pagefaults

[Ayush Singh]

Hello everyone.While running Rust tests in UEFI environment, I have come 
across a numeric test that causes a pagefault. A simple reproducible 
example for this is given below:

```rust

fn main() {
     use std::hint::black_box as b;

     let z: i128 = b(1);
     assert!((-z as f64) < 0.0);
}

```


The exception output is as follows:

```

!!!! X64 Exception Type - 0E(#PF - Page-Fault)  CPU Apic ID - 00000000 !!!!
ExceptionData - 0000000000000000  I:0 R:0 U:0 W:0 P:0 PK:0 SS:0 SGX:0
RIP  - 000000000603DB60, CS  - 0000000000000038, RFLAGS - 0000000000000246
RAX  - 0000000000000000, RCX - FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, RDX - FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
RBX  - 0000000000000000, RSP - 0000000007EDF1D0, RBP - 0000000007EDF4C0
RSI  - 0000000007EDF360, RDI - 0000000007EDF3C0
R8   - 0000000000000000, R9  - 0000000000000038, R10 - 0000000000000000
R11  - 0000000000000000, R12 - 00000000060C6018, R13 - 0000000007EDF520
R14  - 0000000007EDF6A8, R15 - 0000000005FA9490
DS   - 0000000000000030, ES  - 0000000000000030, FS  - 0000000000000030
GS   - 0000000000000030, SS  - 0000000000000030
CR0  - 0000000080010033, CR2 - FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, CR3 - 0000000007C01000
CR4  - 0000000000000668, CR8 - 0000000000000000
DR0  - 0000000000000000, DR1 - 0000000000000000, DR2 - 0000000000000000
DR3  - 0000000000000000, DR6 - 00000000FFFF0FF0, DR7 - 0000000000000400
GDTR - 00000000079DE000 0000000000000047, LDTR - 0000000000000000
IDTR - 0000000007418018 0000000000000FFF,   TR - 0000000000000000
FXSAVE_STATE - 0000000007EDEE30
!!!! Find image based on IP(0x603DB60) 
/var/home/ayush/Documents/Programming/Rust/uefi/hello_world_std/target/x86_64-unknown-uefi/debug/deps/hello_world_std-338028f9369e2d42.pdb 
(ImageBase=000000000603C000, EntryPoint=000000000603D8C0) !!!!

```


 From my testing, the exception only occurs when a few conditions are met.

1. The binary is compiled in Debug mode. No error in Release mode.

2. `i128` is in a black_box [1]. Does not occur if `black_box` is not 
present.

3. It has to be `i128`. `i64` or something else work fine.

4. The cast has to be done on `-z`. Doing the same with `+z` is fine.


I have also been discussing this in the Rust zulipchat [2], so feel free 
to chime in there.


Additionally, here are links for more information about this program:

1. Assembly: 
https://rust-lang.zulipchat.com/user_uploads/4715/od51Y9Dkfjahcg9HHcOud8Fm/hello_world_std-338028f9369e2d42.s

2. EFI Binary: 
https://rust-lang.zulipchat.com/user_uploads/4715/CknqtXLR8SaJZmyOnXctQkpL/hello_world_std.efi

3. PDB file: 
https://rust-lang.zulipchat.com/user_uploads/4715/zV4i6DsjgQXotp_gS1naEsU0/hello_world_std-338028f9369e2d42.pdb


Yours Sincerely,

Ayush Singh


[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/hint/fn.black_box.html

[2]: 
https://rust-lang.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/182449-t-compiler.2Fhelp/topic/Casting.20i128.20to.20f64.20in.20black_box.20causes.20exception.20in.20UEFI



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