<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class="">Ethin,<div class=""> </div><div class="">USB was designed in the 90’s and people actually worried about the number of Si gates in a mouse, so a vast majority of the complexity of USB is in the USB Host Controller (XHCI is the common host controller, aka HC). The devices are just end points on the bus. The end points are abstracted via the USB IO protocol. So you just need to match up the USB IO protocol to the USB sub spec for audio devices. The XHCI complexity is abstracted via a USB HC (Host Controller) driver that is consumed by the generic USB Bus driver that enumerates all the devices and produces USB IO. So you can just treat the USB IO protocol as a black box. </div><div class=""> </div><div class="">So I think your 1st task is getting your Driver Bindging Supported() function matching on an audio endpoint you want to support. The Supported() will need to return success before your Start() function is called. So maybe take a look at some example USB drivers that sit in the same layer in the stack for different devices? [1]</div><div class=""> </div><div class="">[1] </div><div class=""><a href="https://github.com/tianocore/edk2/blob/master/MdeModulePkg/Bus/Usb/UsbMouseDxe/UsbMouse.c#L68" class="">https://github.com/tianocore/edk2/blob/master/MdeModulePkg/Bus/Usb/UsbMouseDxe/UsbMouse.c#L68</a></div><div class=""><a href="https://github.com/tianocore/edk2/blob/master/MdeModulePkg/Bus/Usb/UsbKbDxe/EfiKey.c#L72" class="">https://github.com/tianocore/edk2/blob/master/MdeModulePkg/Bus/Usb/UsbKbDxe/EfiKey.c#L72</a></div><div class=""><a href="https://github.com/tianocore/edk2/blob/master/MdeModulePkg/Bus/Usb/UsbMassStorageDxe/UsbMassImpl.c#L706" class="">https://github.com/tianocore/edk2/blob/master/MdeModulePkg/Bus/Usb/UsbMassStorageDxe/UsbMassImpl.c#L706</a></div><div class=""> </div><div class="">Thanks,</div><div class=""> </div><div class="">Andrew Fish <div> <blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On Jun 11, 2021, at 9:47 PM, Ethin Probst <<a href="mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com" class="">harlydavidsen@gmail.com</a>> wrote:</div> <div class=""><meta charset="UTF-8" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">Yeah, maybe. Now I just have to figure out where to even begin with<br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">USB audio. The specs aren't useful in determining where to begin -- or<br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">at least they aren't from my POV (though that might just be my<br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">inexperience with USB/XHCI showing).<br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">On 6/11/21, Andrew Fish <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">afish@apple.com</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">> wrote:<br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><blockquote type="cite" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""> <blockquote type="cite" class="">On Jun 11, 2021, at 4:29 PM, Ethin Probst <<a href="mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com" class="">harlydavidsen@gmail.com</a>> wrote: Your suggestion of adding 0x240 worked. I'm able to successfully step through the code now. Thank you! </blockquote> OK that makes sense. The address in the add-symbol-file command is not the load address of the image, but the start address of the text section. So that is why you had to add 0x240. Sorry I had to work backwards from how it works, but maybe that info will be helpful for others? Thanks, Andrew Fish <blockquote type="cite" class="">On 6/11/21, Andrew Fish <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">afish@apple.com</a> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a>>> wrote: <blockquote type="cite" class=""> <blockquote type="cite" class="">On Jun 11, 2021, at 2:29 PM, Ethin Probst <<a href="mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com" class="">harlydavidsen@gmail.com</a>> wrote: Initial connection and loading symbols: Remote debugging using :1234 0x000000007e4b9517 in ?? () add symbol table from file "Build/MdeModule/DEBUG_GCC5/X64/UsbAudio.debug" at .text_addr = 0x7e4b8000 Reading symbols from Build/MdeModule/DEBUG_GCC5/X64/UsbAudio.debug... Expanding full symbols from Build/MdeModule/DEBUG_GCC5/X64/UsbAudio.debug... Backtrace: #0 0x000000007e4b9517 in UefiMain (st=0x7f9ee018, imageHandle=0x7e4f7518) at /home/ethin/source/edk/edk2/MdeModulePkg/Application/UsbAudio/UsbAudio.c:72 #1 ProcessModuleEntryPointList (SystemTable=0x7f9ee018, ImageHandle=0x7e4f7518) at /home/ethin/source/edk/edk2/Build/MdeModule/DEBUG_GCC5/X64/MdeModulePkg/Application/UsbAudio/UsbAudio/DEBUG/AutoGen.c:300 #2 _ModuleEntryPoint (ImageHandle=0x7e4f7518, SystemTable=0x7f9ee018) at /home/ethin/source/edk/edk2/MdePkg/Library/UefiApplicationEntryPoint/ApplicationEntryPoint.c:59 #3 0x000000007fead316 in ?? () #4 0x000000007e4f7518 in ?? () #5 0x000000007feab5c7 in ?? () #6 0x000000007fea3520 in ?? () #7 0x0000000101000000 in ?? () #8 0x0000000000000030 in ?? () #9 0x000000007e4f6018 in ?? () #10 0x000000007e60a918 in ?? () #11 0x000000000000011d in ?? () #12 0x000000007fea3528 in ?? () #13 0x000000007e4f7818 in ?? () #14 0x000000007e4f7c98 in ?? () #15 0x000000007fea3538 in ?? () #16 0x000000007e3abfca in ?? () #17 0x000000007e4f7418 in ?? () #18 0x000000007fea3528 in ?? () #19 0x0000000000000000 in ?? () Source-code listing: 1 /** @file 2 GCC inline implementation of BaseLib processor specific functions. 3 4 Copyright (c) 2006 - 2020, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 5 Portions copyright (c) 2008 - 2009, Apple Inc. All rights reserved. 6 SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-Patent 7 8 **/ 9 10 Attempt to use "next": 72 } else if (interfaceDescriptor.InterfaceClass == 0x01 && interfaceDescriptor.InterfaceSubClass == 0x03) { (This is my code but it continuously prints this same line over and over every time "next" is used.) Attempt to use "print Index": No symbol "Index" in current context. info local: UsbIo = 0x0 interfaceDescriptor = {Length = 0 '\000', DescriptorType = 8 '\b', InterfaceNumber = 1 '\001', AlternateSetting = 0 '\000', NumEndpoints = 0 '\000', InterfaceClass = 0 '\000', InterfaceSubClass = 0 '\000', InterfaceProtocol = 0 '\000', Interface = 0 '\000'} i = 2118887920 numHandles = 264 handles = 0x4 status = <optimized out> info symbol 0x0007E4B9440: _ModuleEntryPoint + 576 in section .text of /home/ethin/source/edk/edk2/Build/MdeModule/DEBUG_GCC5/X64/UsbAudio.debug </blockquote> OK that is interesting…. +576 -> 0x240 witch is about the size of the PE/COFF header. For mach-O (macOS executables) we have to link at 0x240 to make space for the PE/COFF header in memory…. So the PE/COFF header starts at 0x7e4b8000 it is likely the text section starts at 0x7e4b8240? So try adding 0x240 to the load address on the add-symbol-file command. If that does not work trip subtracting 0x240 from the load address. We would need to dump out the UsbAudio.efi file to figure out exactly what is going on. What distro are you on? Do you have the readpe utility? I’m not sure what you can dump with objcopy? Can you mail me a copy of UsbAudio.efi off list? I can take a quick look. Thanks, Andrew Fish <blockquote type="cite" class="">The extra weird thing about this is that CpuDeadLoop() is at the start of the UefiMain function, its not on line 72. The program doesn't even start there -- it starts by attempting to get the list of EFI_USB_IO_PROTOCOL handles available. And GDB is making it look like its skipping all of that. On 6/11/21, Andrew Fish <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">afish@apple.com</a> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a>> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a>>>> wrote: <blockquote type="cite" class=""> <blockquote type="cite" class="">On Jun 11, 2021, at 1:48 PM, Ethin Probst <<a href="mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com" class="">harlydavidsen@gmail.com</a> <<a href="mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com" class="">mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com</a>>> wrote: Okay, so I just tried exactly what you told me to do -- use CpuDeadLoop() and then just modify index to get out of it. Here's what I do in GDB: - Load the EFI application and connect via target remote :1234 - type `add-symbol-file Build/MdeModule/DEBUG_GCC5/X64/UsbAudio.debug 0x0007E4B8000` and answer yes when it prompts me to do so. (0x0007E4B8000 is the image base, the entry point is at 0x0007E4B9440.) - When I try to print the Index symbol, GDB tells me that it isn't in the current context. I feel like I'm missing something. I'm also not the best with GDB myself. :) </blockquote> What do you get from the following gdb commands? bt info local info symbol 0x0007E4B9440 What exactly is gdb showing you? Thanks, Andrew Fish <blockquote type="cite" class=""> On 6/11/21, Andrew Fish <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">afish@apple.com</a> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a>> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a>>> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a>> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a>>>>> wrote: <blockquote type="cite" class=""> <blockquote type="cite" class="">On Jun 11, 2021, at 11:39 AM, Ethin Probst <<a href="mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com" class="">harlydavidsen@gmail.com</a> <<a href="mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com" class="">mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com</a>> <<a href="mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com" class="">mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com</a> <<a href="mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com" class="">mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com</a>>>> wrote: Hi Andrew, How do you debug the EFI binary with LLDB? Can LLDB use GDB stubs or does that work differently? </blockquote> Ethin, Lldb is the command line debugger that comes with Xcode on Mac. There is no gdb with Xcode, so I have to use lldb for my day job. Lldb can speak the gdb remote serial protocol: lldb -o “gdb-remote 9000” That assumes you passed `-gdb tcp::9000`to QEMU. Thanks, Andrew Fish <blockquote type="cite" class="">On 6/11/21, Andrew Fish <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">afish@apple.com</a> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a>> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a>>> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a>> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a>>>> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a>> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a>>> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a>> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a> <<a href="mailto:afish@apple.com" class="">mailto:afish@apple.com</a>>>>>> wrote: <blockquote type="cite" class=""> <blockquote type="cite" class="">On Jun 11, 2021, at 10:06 AM, Ethin Probst <<a href="mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com" class="">harlydavidsen@gmail.com</a> <<a href="mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com" class="">mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com</a>> <<a href="mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com" class="">mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com</a> <<a href="mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com" class="">mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com</a>>> <<a href="mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com" class="">mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com</a> <<a href="mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com" class="">mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com</a>> <<a href="mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com" class="">mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com</a> <<a href="mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com" class="">mailto:harlydavidsen@gmail.com</a>>>>> wrote: Hey all, So Leif and I have discussed this at length but I thought I'd reach out to all of you for more help. I'm having a lot of trouble debugging my UEFI app. Here's how I do things: - I load the app using uefi-run (<a href="https://github.com/Richard-W/uefi-run" class="">https://github.com/Richard-W/uefi-run</a> <<a href="https://github.com/Richard-W/uefi-run" class="">https://github.com/Richard-W/uefi-run</a>> <<a href="https://github.com/Richard-W/uefi-run" class="">https://github.com/Richard-W/uefi-run</a> <<a href="https://github.com/Richard-W/uefi-run" class="">https://github.com/Richard-W/uefi-run</a>>> <<a href="https://github.com/Richard-W/uefi-run" class="">https://github.com/Richard-W/uefi-run</a> <<a href="https://github.com/Richard-W/uefi-run" class="">https://github.com/Richard-W/uefi-run</a>> <<a href="https://github.com/Richard-W/uefi-run" class="">https://github.com/Richard-W/uefi-run</a> <<a href="https://github.com/Richard-W/uefi-run" class="">https://github.com/Richard-W/uefi-run</a>>>>) like this (from the main EDK II directory): uefi-run -b Build/OvmfX64/DEBUG_GCC5/FV/OVMF.fd Build/OvmfX64/DEBUG_GCC5/X64/Shell.efi -- -M q35 -m 24G -usb -device qemu-xhci -device usb-audio,audiodev=audio -audiodev alsa,id=audio -s -debugcon file:../debug.log -global isa-debugcon.iobase=0x402 -nographic Or: uefi-run -b Build/OvmfX64/DEBUG_GCC5/FV/OVMF.fd Build/OvmfX64/DEBUG_GCC5/X64/Shell.efi -- -M q35 -m 24G -usb -device qemu-xhci -device usb-audio,audiodev=audio -audiodev alsa,id=audio -s -debugcon stdio -global isa-debugcon.iobase=0x402 - I connect to the remote GDB stub (localhost:1234) and wait until OVMF gives me the image base. Then I use: add-symbol-file UsbAudio.debug <image base> Here's where everything breaks down. One of two things happens at this point: 1. Either I get the wrong debug information (I get source code but the image isn't loaded anymore), and resetting the system and placing a breakpoint (either software or hardware) has no effect; or 2. If I use CpuBreakpoint(), the firmware gives me the registers and the image base and entry point addresses, and then appears to just sit there waiting for something. Once I load the symbols using the image base it gives me, I can't actually do anything in the debugger; I can't list code because I get "1 in <artificial>", I can't jump into my code without triggering a general protection exception or not actually causing anything to happen... You get the idea. So I'm really, really confused on what's going wrong. Do you guys have any advice? </blockquote> Ethin, Caveat emptor as I use lldb for my daily driver debugger so I might be a little off on gdb specifics…. Also my terminology may be lldb centric. Easy one 1st. When you run on top of a debugger using CpuBreakpoint() works great as the debugger hides its self from you. On x86 CpuBreakpoint() is an INT 3h instruction (0xCC) and it causes an exception 3. If you don’t have a debugger hooked in underneath the exception 3 is going to get handled in the unexpected exception handler, and that is probably in the CPUD DXE driver or DXE Core or some such. So you are going to end up with the PC/IP/RIP in the wrong driver. A lot of times for hardware debuggers it works better to use CpuDeadLoop(). The gdb-remote stub from QEMU acts a lot more like a JTAG hardware debugger than a pure software debugger. Also note that CpuDeadLoop() is an infinite loop, so you can modify the loop variable with the debugger to continue. I’d suggest a work flow of run your App/Driver, hit the CpuDeadLoop(), attach gdb. Now after you have the target established load the symbols. The reason for me suggesting this flow is the debugger has a flexible concept of what the target is. If you load symbols that will create a target for a stock x86-64 image. When you connect to the QEMU gdb-remote there is a handshake that describes the target and what registers are available. I seem to remember QEMU exports some of the system registers, like the control registers, so it is an extended version of the x86-64 target. So this changing the target definition might confuse the debugger. To be safe I always connect 1st and then load symbols. The EFI images are PE/COFF relocatable executables that are linked around zero. They get loaded into memory and relocated, so that is why you need to specify the load address to get the symbols to resolve. One trick I use is to load the ELF (or PE/COFF) build output directly into the debugger. This lets you poke around the image at the linked address. You can disassemble the functions to see what they look like, obviously you can read any variables. This can be useful if you get the unhandled exception and it prints out the load address and offset (you can use the offset directly). It is also a good way to debug why your symbols are not quite loaded at the correct address, as you can see what bytes/instructions should be at a given address. Thanks, Andrew Fish <blockquote type="cite" class=""> -- Signed, Ethin D. Probst </blockquote> </blockquote> -- Signed, Ethin D. Probst </blockquote> </blockquote> -- Signed, Ethin D. Probst </blockquote> </blockquote> -- Signed, Ethin D. Probst </blockquote> </blockquote> -- Signed, Ethin D. Probst </blockquote> </blockquote><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">-- <br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">Signed,<br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">Ethin D. Probst<br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class=""></div></blockquote></div> </div></body></html> <div width="1" style="color:white;clear:both">_._,_._,_</div> <hr> Groups.io Links: You receive all messages sent to this group. <a target="_blank" href="https://edk2.groups.io/g/devel/message/76434">View/Reply Online (#76434)</a> | | <a target="_blank" href="https://groups.io/mt/83473484/1813853">Mute This Topic</a> | <a href="https://edk2.groups.io/g/devel/post">New Topic</a> <a href="https://edk2.groups.io/g/devel/editsub/1813853">Your Subscription</a> | <a href="mailto:devel+owner@edk2.groups.io">Contact Group Owner</a> | <a href="https://edk2.groups.io/g/devel/unsub">Unsubscribe</a> [edk2-devel-archive@redhat.com] <div width="1" style="color:white;clear:both">_._,_._,_</div>