Numbers behind "df" and "tune2fs"
Eric Sandeen
sandeen at redhat.com
Mon Sep 16 16:25:37 UTC 2013
On 9/16/13 9:44 AM, Nicolas Michel wrote:
> Thanks for you help. I also tried adding some other informations as you suggest:
> I can also take into account:
> - "Reserved block count: XXXXXXX" from tune2fs that gives me the
> number of blocks reserved for root
> - Reserved GDT blocks: XXX
>
> But I didn't thought about the FS journal. How can I gather
> information about it? (it's size and any other information?)
# dumpe2fs /dev/$YOUR_DEVICE | grep Journal
dumpe2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Journal inode: 8
Journal backup: inode blocks
Journal features: journal_incompat_revoke
Journal size: 128M
Journal length: 32768
But you also need to take into account inode tables, inode
allocation bitmaps, block allocation bitmaps ...
-Eric
> 2013/9/16 Eric Sandeen <sandeen at redhat.com>:
>> On 9/16/13 5:16 AM, Nicolas Michel wrote:
>>> Hello guys,
>>>
>>> I have some difficulties to understand what really are the numbers
>>> behing "df" and tune2fs. You'll find the output of tune2fs and df
>>> below, on which my maths are based.
>>>
>>> Here are my maths:
>>>
>>> A tune2fs on an ext3 FS tell me the FS size is 3284992 block large. It
>>> also tell me that the size of one block is 4096 (bytes if I'm not
>>> wrong?). So my maths tell me that the disk is 3284992 * 4096 =
>>> 13455327232 bytes or 13455327232 / 1024 /1024 /1024 = 12.53 GB.
>>>
>>> A df --block-size=1 on the same FS tell me the disk is 13243846656
>>> which is 211480576 bytes smaller than what tune2fs tell me.
>>
>> By default, df on extN assumes that metadata used by the filesystem
>> was never available for your use and is not part of the filesystem
>> space.
>>
>> Documentation/filesystems/ext3.txt says:
>>
>> bsddf (*) Make 'df' act like BSD.
>> minixdf Make 'df' act like Minix.
>>
>> which is pretty unhelpful I suppose. ;)
>>
>> The mount man page is a little more helpful:
>>
>> bsddf|minixdf
>> Set the behaviour for the statfs system call. The minixdf
>> behaviour is to return in the f_blocks field the total number
>> of blocks of the filesystem, while the bsddf behaviour (which
>> is the default) is to subtract the overhead blocks used by the
>> ext2 filesystem and not available for file storage.
>>
>> You're seeing the latter behavior. if you mount with -o minixdf you should
>> see what you expect. (Too bad there's no "linuxdf?") :)
>>
>>> In gigabytes, it means:
>>> * for df, the disk is 12.33 GB
>>> * for tune2fs, the disk is 12.53 GB
>>>
>>> I thought that maybe df is only taking into account the real blocks
>>> available for users. So I tried to remove the reserved blocks and the
>>> GDT blocks:
>>> (3284992 - 164249 - 801) * 4096 = 12779282432
>>> or in GB : 12779282432 / 1024 / 1024 / 1024 = 11.90 Gb ...
>>
>> you're on the right track, but you forgot the journal space, all the
>> preallocated inode table blocks, etc.
>>
>> -Eric
>>
>>> My last thought was that "Reserved block" in tune2fs was not only the
>>> reserved blocks for root (which is 5% per default on my system) but
>>> take into account all other reserved blocks fo the fs internal usage.
>>> So:
>>> (3284992 - 164249) * 4096 = 12782563328
>>> In GB : 11.90 Gb (the difference is not significative with a precision of 2.
>>>
>>> So I'm lost ...
>>>
>>> Is someone have an explanation? I would really really be grateful.
>>> Nicolas
>>>
>>> ------------------------------
>>> ---------
>>>
>>> Here is the output of df and tune2fs :
>>>
>>> $ tune2fs -l /dev/mapper/datavg-datalogslv
>>> tune2fs 1.41.9 (22-Aug-2009)
>>> Filesystem volume name: <none>
>>> Last mounted on: <not available>
>>> Filesystem UUID: 4e5bea3e-3e61-4fc8-9676-e5177522911c
>>> Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53
>>> Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic)
>>> Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index
>>> filetype needs_recovery sparse_super large_file
>>> Filesystem flags: unsigned_directory_hash
>>> Default mount options: (none)
>>> Filesystem state: clean
>>> Errors behavior: Continue
>>> Filesystem OS type: Linux
>>> Inode count: 822544
>>> Block count: 3284992
>>> Reserved block count: 164249
>>> Free blocks: 3109325
>>> Free inodes: 822348
>>> First block: 0
>>> Block size: 4096
>>> Fragment size: 4096
>>> Reserved GDT blocks: 801
>>> Blocks per group: 32768
>>> Fragments per group: 32768
>>> Inodes per group: 8144
>>> Inode blocks per group: 509
>>> Filesystem created: Wed Aug 28 08:30:10 2013
>>> Last mount time: Wed Sep 11 17:16:56 2013
>>> Last write time: Thu Sep 12 09:38:02 2013
>>> Mount count: 18
>>> Maximum mount count: 27
>>> Last checked: Wed Aug 28 08:30:10 2013
>>> Check interval: 15552000 (6 months)
>>> Next check after: Mon Feb 24 07:30:10 2014
>>> Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root)
>>> Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root)
>>> First inode: 11
>>> Inode size: 256
>>> Required extra isize: 28
>>> Desired extra isize: 28
>>> Journal inode: 8
>>> Default directory hash: half_md4
>>> Directory Hash Seed: ad2251a9-ac33-4e5e-b933-af49cb4f2bb3
>>> Journal backup: inode blocks
>>>
>>> $ df --block-size=1 /dev/mapper/datavg-datalogslv
>>> Filesystem 1B-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
>>> /dev/mapper/datavg-datalogslv 13243846656 563843072 12007239680 5% /logs
>>>
>>>
>>
>
>
>
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