web/html/docs/virtualization-guide/f12/zh-CN/html-single index.html, NONE, 1.1

Rüdiger Landmann rlandmann at fedoraproject.org
Wed Dec 23 04:06:56 UTC 2009 

Author: rlandmann

Update of /cvs/fedora/web/html/docs/virtualization-guide/f12/zh-CN/html-single
In directory cvs1.fedora.phx.redhat.com:/tmp/cvs-serv19426/zh-CN/html-single

Added Files:
	index.html 
Log Message:
Virtualization Guide in de-DE it-IT zh-CN and zh-TW


--- NEW FILE index.html ---
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html
  PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>虚​拟​化​指​南​</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="./Common_Content/css/default.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="publican"/><meta name="package" content=""/><meta name="description" content="Fedora 12 虚​拟​化​指​南​包​含​在 Fedora 12 中​使​用​的​有​关​安​装​、​配​置​、​管​理​、​提​示​、​陷​阱​以​及​故​障​排​除​等​虚​拟​化​技​术​信​息​。​"/></head><body class=""><div xml:lang="zh-CN" class="book" title="虚​拟​化​指​南​"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="producttitle"><span class="productname">Fedora</span> <span class="productnumber">12</span></div><div><h1 id="d0e1" class="title">虚​拟​化​指​南​</h1></div><div><h2 class="subtitle">Fedora 中​虚​拟​化​的​权​威​指​南​</h2></div><p class="edition">版
  1</p><div><h3 class="corpauthor">
				<span class="inlinemediaobject"><object data="Common_Content/images/title_logo.svg" type="image/svg+xml"> 商​标​</object></span>
			</h3></div><div><div xml:lang="zh-CN" class="authorgroup"><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Christoph</span> <span class="surname">Curran</span></h3><code class="email"><a class="email" href="mailto:ccurran at redhat.com">ccurran at redhat.com</a></code></div></div></div><hr/><div><div id="d0e27" class="legalnotice"><h1 class="legalnotice">法律通告</h1><div class="para">
		Copyright <span class="trademark"/>© 2009 Red Hat, Inc.
	</div><div class="para">
		The text of and illustrations in this document are licensed by Red Hat under a Creative Commons Attribution–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license ("CC-BY-SA"). An explanation of CC-BY-SA is available at <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/</a>. The original authors of this document, and Red Hat, designate the Fedora Project as the "Attribution Party" for purposes of CC-BY-SA. In accordance with CC-BY-SA, if you distribute this document or an adaptation of it, you must provide the URL for the original version.
	</div><div class="para">
		Red Hat, as the licensor of this document, waives the right to enforce, and agrees not to assert, Section 4d of CC-BY-SA to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law.
	</div><div class="para">
		Red Hat, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the Shadowman logo, JBoss, MetaMatrix, Fedora, the Infinity Logo, and RHCE are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries. 
	</div><div class="para">
		For guidelines on the permitted uses of the Fedora trademarks, refer to <a href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal:Trademark_guidelines">https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal:Trademark_guidelines</a>.
	</div><div class="para">
		<span class="trademark">Linux</span>® is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States and other countries. 
	</div><div class="para">
		All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
	</div></div></div><div><div class="abstract" title="摘要"><h6>摘要</h6><div class="para">Fedora 12 虚​拟​化​指​南​包​含​在 Fedora 12
中​使​用​的​有​关​安​装​、​配​置​、​管​理​、​提​示​、​陷​阱​以​及​故​障​排​除​等​虚​拟​化​技​术​信​息​。​</div></div></div></div><hr/></div><div class="toc"><dl><dt><span class="preface"><a href="#pref-Virtualization_Guide-Preface">序​言​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-About_this_book">1. 关​于​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d0e92">2. 文​档​约​定​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d0e102">2.1. 排​版​约​定​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d0e318">2.2. 抬​升​式​引​用​约​定​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d0e337">2.3. 备​注​及​警​告​</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d0e357">3. 我们需要您的反馈！</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span cl
 ass="part"><a href="#part-Virtualization_Guide-Installation">I. Installation</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_the_virtualization_packages">1. 安​装​虚​拟​化​软​件​包​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_the_virtualization_packages-Installing_KVM_with_a_new_Fedora_installation">1.1. 在​全​新 Fedora 安​装​过​程​中​安​装 KVM</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_the_virtualization_packages-Installing_KVM_packages_on_an_existing_Fedora_system">1.2. 在​现​有 Fedora 系​统​中​安​装 KVM 软​件​包​</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualized_guest_installation_overview">2. 虚​拟​客​户​端​安​装​总​览​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href=
 "#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualized_guest_installation_overview-Creating_guests_with_virt_install">2.1. 使​用 virt-install 创​建​客​户​端​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualized_guest_installation_overview-Creating_guests_with_virt_manager">2.2. 使​用 virt-manager 创​建​客​户​端​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualized_guest_installation_overview-Installing_guests_with_PXE">2.3. 使​用 PXE 安​装​客​户​端​</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-Guest_operating_system_installation_procedures">3. 客​户​端​操​作​系​统​安​装​过​程​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux_5_as_a_para_virtualized_guest">3.1. 将​红​帽​企​业​版 Linux 5 作​为​半â€
 ‹è™šâ€‹æ‹Ÿâ€‹å®¢â€‹æˆ·â€‹ç«¯â€‹å®‰â€‹è£…​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux_as_a_fully_virtualized_guest">3.2. 将​红​帽​企​业​版 Linux 作​为​全​虚​拟​客​户​端​安​装​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_Windows_XP_as_a_fully_virtualized_guest">3.3. å°† Windows XP 作​为​全​虚​拟​客​户​端​安​装​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_Windows_Server_2003_as_a_fully_virtualized_guest">3.4. å°† Windows 服​务​器 2003 作​为​全​虚​拟​客​户​端​安​装​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_Windows_Server_2008_as_a_fully_virtualized_guest">3.5. å°† Windows 服​务​器 2008 作​为​全​虚​拟​客​户​端​安​装​</a></span></
 dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="part"><a href="#part-Virtualization_Guide-Configuration">II. Configuration</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualized_block_devices">4. 虚​拟​块​设​备​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualized_block_devices-Creating_a_virtualized_floppy_disk_controller">4.1. 创​建​一​个​虚​拟​软​盘​控​制​程​序​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualized_block_devices-Adding_storage_devices_to_guests">4.2. 在​客​户​端​中​添​加​存​储​设​备​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualized_block_devices-Configuring_persistent_storage">4.3. 配​置​持​久​存​储​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualized_block_devices-Add
 _a_virtualized_CD_ROM_or_DVD_device_to_a_guest">4.4. 在​客​户​端​中​添​加​虚​拟​光​驱​或​者 DVD 设​备​</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-Shared_storage_and_virtualization">5. 共​享​存​储​和​虚​拟​化​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Shared_storage_and_virtualization-Using_iSCSI_for_storing_guests">5.1. 使​用 iSCSI 存​储​客​户​端​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Shared_storage_and_virtualization-Using_NFS_for_storing_guests">5.2. 使​用 NFS 存​储​客​户​端​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Shared_storage_and_virtualization-Using_GFS2_for_storing_guests">5.3. 使​用 GFS2 存​储​客​户​端​</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_G
 uide-Server_best_practices">6. 服​务​器​最​佳​实​践​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-Security_for_virtualization">7. 虚​拟​化​的​安​全​性​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Security_for_virtualization-SELinux_and_virtualization">7.1. SELinux 和​虚​拟​化​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Security_for_virtualization-SELinux_considerations">7.2. SELinux 的​相​关​事​宜​</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-Network_Configuration">8. 网​络​配​置​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Network_Configuration-Network_address_translation_NAT_with_libvirt">8.1. libvirt 的​网​络​地​址​转​换​（NAT）</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect
 -Virtualization_Guide-Network_Configuration-Bridged_networking_with_libvirt">8.2. 使​用 libvirt 桥​接​的​联​网​</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-KVM_Para_virtualized_Drivers">9. KVM 半​虚​拟​驱​动​程​序​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-KVM_Para_virtualized_Drivers-Installing_the_KVM_Windows_para_virtualized_drivers">9.1. 安​装 KVM Windows 半​虚​拟​驱​动​程​序​</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="part"><a href="#part-Virtualization_Guide-Administration">III. Administration</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-Managing_guests_with_xend">10. 用 <code class="systemitem">xend</code> 管​理​客​户​端​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-KVM_guest_timing_management">11. KVM 客​户​端​计â
 €‹æ—¶â€‹ç®¡â€‹ç†â€‹</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-KVM_live_migration">12. KVM 实​时​迁​移​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-KVM_live_migration-Live_migration_requirements">12.1. 动​态​迁​移​要​求​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-KVM_live_migration-Share_storage_example_NFS_for_a_simple_migration">12.2. 共​享​存​储​示​例​：使​用 NFS 进​行​简​单​迁​移​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-KVM_live_migration-Live_KVM_migration_with_virsh">12.3. 使​用 virsh 进​行​实​时 KVM 迁​移​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-KVM_live_migration-Migrating_with_virt_manager">12.4. 使​用 virt-manager 迁​移​</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap
 -Virtualization_Guide-Remote_management_of_virtualized_guests">13. 虚​拟​客​户​端​的​远​程​管​理​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Remote_management_of_virtualized_guests-Remote_management_with_SSH">13.1. 使​用 SSL 进​行​远​程​管​理​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Remote_management_of_virtualized_guests-Remote_management_over_TLS_and_SSL">13.2. 使​用 TLS 和 SSL 进​行​远​程​管​理​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Remote_management_of_virtualized_guests-Transport_modes">13.3. 传​输​模​式​</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="part"><a href="#part-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualization_Reference_Guide">IV. 虚​拟​化​参​考​指​南​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualiza
 tion_tools">14. 虚​拟​化​工​具​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-Managing_guests_with_virsh">15. 使​用 virsh 管​理​客​户​端​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-Managing_guests_with_the_Virtual_Machine_Manager_virt_manager">16. 用​虚​拟​机​管​理​器​（virt-manager）管​理​客​户​端​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Managing_guests_with_the_Virtual_Machine_Manager_virt_manager-The_open_connection_window">16.1. 打​开​连​接​窗​口​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Managing_guests_with_the_Virtual_Machine_Manager_virt_manager-The_Virtual_Machine_Manager_main_window">16.2. 虚​拟​机​管​理​器​主​窗​口​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Managing_guests
 _with_the_Virtual_Machine_Manager_virt_manager-The_Virtual_Machine_Manager_details_window_">16.3. 虚​拟​机​管​理​器​详​情​窗​口 </a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Managing_guests_with_the_Virtual_Machine_Manager_virt_manager-Virtual_Machine_graphical_console_">16.4. 虚​拟​机​图​形​控​制​台 </a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Managing_guests_with_the_Virtual_Machine_Manager_virt_manager-Starting_virt_manager">16.5. Starting virt-manager</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Managing_guests_with_the_Virtual_Machine_Manager_virt_manager-Restoring_a_saved_machine_">16.6. 恢​复​保​存​的​机​器 </a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Managing_guests_with_the_Virtual_Machine_Manager_virt_manager-Displaying_guest_details">16.7. 显​示​客​户​端â€
 ‹è¯¦â€‹æƒ…​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Managing_guests_with_the_Virtual_Machine_Manager_virt_manager-Status_monitoring">16.8. 状​态​监​控​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Managing_guests_with_the_Virtual_Machine_Manager_virt_manager-Displaying_guest_identifiers">16.9. 显​示​客​户​端​识​别​符​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Managing_guests_with_the_Virtual_Machine_Manager_virt_manager-Displaying_a_guests_status_">16.10. 显​示​客​户​端​状​态 </a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Managing_guests_with_the_Virtual_Machine_Manager_virt_manager-Displaying_virtual_CPUs_">16.11. 显​示​虚​拟 CPU </a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Managing_guests_with_the_Virtual_Machine_Manager_virt_manager-Displayi
 ng_CPU_usage">16.12. 显​示 CPU 用​量​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Managing_guests_with_the_Virtual_Machine_Manager_virt_manager-Displaying_memory_usage_">16.13. 显​示​内​存​用​量 </a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Managing_guests_with_the_Virtual_Machine_Manager_virt_manager-Managing_a_virtual_network">16.14. 管​理​虚​拟​网​络​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Managing_guests_with_the_Virtual_Machine_Manager_virt_manager-Creating_a_virtual_network">16.15. 创​建​虚​拟​网​络​</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="part"><a href="#part-Virtualization_Guide-Tips_and_Tricks">V. Tips and Tricks</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-Tips_and_tricks">17. 提​示​及​陷​阱​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="secti
 on"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Tips_and_tricks-Automatically_starting_guests">17.1. 自​动​启​动​客​户​端​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Tips_and_tricks-Changing_between_the_KVM_and_Xen_hypervisors">17.2. 在 KVM 和 Xen 管​理​程​序​间​互​换​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Changing_between_the_KVM_and_Xen_hypervisors-Xen_to_KVM">17.2.1. Xen 到 KVM</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Changing_between_the_KVM_and_Xen_hypervisors-KVM_to_Xen">17.2.2. KVM 到 Xen</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Tips_and_tricks-Using_qemu_img">17.3. 使​用 qemu-img</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Tips_and_tricks-Overcommitting_with_KVM">17.4. KVM 中​的​过​量​使​用​</a></span></dt><dt><span
  class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Tips_and_tricks-Modifying_etcgrub.conf">17.5. 修​改 /etc/grub.conf</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Tips_and_tricks-Verifying_virtualization_extensions">17.6. 验​证​虚​拟​化​扩​展​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Tips_and_tricks-Identifying_guest_type_and_implementation">17.7. 鉴​别​客​户​端​类​型​及​使​用​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Tips_and_tricks-Generating_a_new_unique_MAC_address">17.8. 生​成​新​的​唯​一 MAC 地​址​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Tips_and_tricks-Very_Secure_ftpd">17.9. 非​常​安​全​的 <code class="systemitem">ftpd</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Tips_and_tricks-Configuring_LUN_Persi
 stence">17.10. 配​置 LUN 持​久​性​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Tips_and_tricks-Disable_SMART_disk_monitoring_for_guests">17.11. 为​客​户​端​禁​用 SMART 磁​盘​监​控​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Tips_and_tricks-Cloning_guest_configuration_files">17.12. 克​隆​客​户​端​配​置​文​件​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Tips_and_tricks-Duplicating_an_existing_guest_and_its_configuration_file">17.13. 复​制​现​有​客​户​端​及​其​配​置​文​件​</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-Creating_custom_libvirt_scripts">18. 生​成​自​定​义 libvirt 脚​本​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Creating_custom_libvirt_scripts-Using_XML_configu
 ration_files_with_virsh">18.1. 使​用​带 virsh 的 XML 配​置​文​件​</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="part"><a href="#part-Virtualization_Guide-Troubleshooting">VI. Troubleshooting</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-Troubleshooting">19. Troubleshooting</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Troubleshooting-Loop_device_errors">19.1. 回​送​设​备​错​误​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Troubleshooting-Enabling_Intel_VT_and_AMD_V_virtualization_hardware_extensions_in_BIOS">19.2. 在 BIOS 中​启​用 Intel VT 和 AMD-V 虚​拟​化​硬​件​扩​展​</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="#appe-Virtualization_Guide-Additional_resources">A. 附​加​资​源​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_G
 uide-Additional_resources-Online_resources">A.1. 在​线​资​源​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Additional_resources-Installed_documentation">A.2. 安​装​的​文​档​</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="#appe-Virtualization_Guide-Revision_History">B. 修​订​记​录​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="#appe-Virtualization_Guide-Colophon">C. 版​权​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="glossary"><a href="#d0e8645">术语表</a></span></dt></dl></div><div xml:lang="zh-CN" class="preface" title="序​言​"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 id="pref-Virtualization_Guide-Preface" class="title">序​言​</h1></div></div></div><div class="para">
		本​书​是 Fedora 12 虚​拟​化​指​南​。​这​个​指​南​覆​盖​了​在 Fedora 12 中​使​用​和​管​理​虚​拟​化​的​各​个​方​面​。​
	</div><div xml:lang="zh-CN" class="section" title="1. 关​于​"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" id="sect-Virtualization_Guide-About_this_book">1. 关​于​</h2></div></div></div><div class="para">
		本​书​分​为​七​个​部​分​： 
		<div class="itemizedlist"><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					系​统​要​求​
				</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					Installation
				</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					Configuration
				</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					Administration
				</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					参​考​
				</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					Tips and Tricks
				</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					Troubleshooting
				</div></li></ul></div>
	</div></div><div xml:lang="zh-CN" class="section" title="2. 文​档​约​定​"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" id="d0e92">2. 文​档​约​定​</h2></div></div></div><div class="para">
		本​手​册​使​用​几​个​约​定​来​突​出​某​些​用​词​和​短​语​以​及​信​息​的​某​些​片​段​。​
	</div><div class="para">
		在 PDF 版​本​以​及​纸​版​中​，本​手​册​使​用​在 <a href="https://fedorahosted.org/liberation-fonts/">Liberation 字​体​</a>套​件​中​选​出​的​字​体​。​如​果​您​在​您​的​系​统​中​安​装​了 Liberation 字​体​套​件​，它​还​可​用​于 HTML 版​本​。​如​果​没​有​安​装​，则​会​显​示​可​替​换​的​类​似​字​体​。​请​注​意​：红​帽​企​业 Linux 5 以​及​其​后​的​版​本​默​认​包​含 Liberation 字​体​套​件​。​
	</div><div class="section" title="2.1. 排​版​约​定​"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title" id="d0e102">2.1. 排​版​约​定​</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
			我​们​使​用​四​种​排​版​约​定​突​出​特​定​用​词​和​短​语​。​这​些​约​定​及​其​使​用​环​境​如​下​。​
		</div><div class="para">
			<code class="literal">固​定​粗​体​</code>
		</div><div class="para">
			用​来​突​出​系​统​输​入​，其​中​包​括 shell 命​令​、​文​件​名​以​及​路​径​。​还​可​用​来​突​出​按​键​以​及​组​合​键​。​例​如​：
		</div><div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><div class="para">
				To see the contents of the file <code class="filename">my_next_bestselling_novel</code> in your current working directory, enter the <code class="command">cat my_next_bestselling_novel</code> command at the shell prompt and press <span class="keycap"><strong>Enter</strong></span> to execute the command.
			</div></blockquote></div><div class="para">
			The above includes a file name, a shell command and a key cap, all presented in Mono-spaced Bold and all distinguishable thanks to context.
		</div><div class="para">
			Key-combinations can be distinguished from key caps by the hyphen connecting each part of a key-combination. For example:
		</div><div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><div class="para">
				Press <span class="keycap"><strong>Enter</strong></span> to execute the command.
			</div><div class="para">
				Press <span class="keycap"><strong>Ctrl</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>Alt</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>F1</strong></span> to switch to the first virtual terminal. Press <span class="keycap"><strong>Ctrl</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>Alt</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>F7</strong></span> to return to your X-Windows session.
			</div></blockquote></div><div class="para">
			The first sentence highlights the particular key cap to press. The second highlights two sets of three key caps, each set pressed simultaneously.
		</div><div class="para">
			If source code is discussed, class names, methods, functions, variable names and returned values mentioned within a paragraph will be presented as above, in <code class="literal">Mono-spaced Bold</code>. For example:
		</div><div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><div class="para">
				File-related classes include <code class="classname">filesystem</code> for file systems, <code class="classname">file</code> for files, and <code class="classname">dir</code> for directories. Each class has its own associated set of permissions.
			</div></blockquote></div><div class="para">
			<span class="application"><strong>Proportional Bold</strong></span>
		</div><div class="para">
			This denotes words or phrases encountered on a system, including application names; dialogue box text; labelled buttons; check-box and radio button labels; menu titles and sub-menu titles. For example:
		</div><div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><div class="para">
				Choose <span class="guimenu"><strong>System > Preferences > Mouse</strong></span> from the main menu bar to launch <span class="application"><strong>Mouse Preferences</strong></span>. In the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Buttons</strong></span> tab, click the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Left-handed mouse</strong></span> check box and click <span class="guibutton"><strong>Close</strong></span> to switch the primary mouse button from the left to the right (making the mouse suitable for use in the left hand).
			</div><div class="para">
				To insert a special character into a <span class="application"><strong>gedit</strong></span> file, choose <span class="guimenu"><strong>Applications > Accessories > Character Map</strong></span> from the main menu bar. Next, choose <span class="guimenu"><strong>Search > Find…</strong></span> from the <span class="application"><strong>Character Map</strong></span> menu bar, type the name of the character in the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Search</strong></span> field and click <span class="guibutton"><strong>Next</strong></span>. The character you sought will be highlighted in the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Character Table</strong></span>. Double-click this highlighted character to place it in the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Text to copy</strong></span> field and then click the <span class="guibutton"><strong>Copy</strong></span> button. Now switch back to your document and choose <span class="guimenu"><strong>Edit > Paste</strong></span> from the <
 span class="application"><strong>gedit</strong></span> menu bar.
			</div></blockquote></div><div class="para">
			The above text includes application names; system-wide menu names and items; application-specific menu names; and buttons and text found within a GUI interface, all presented in Proportional Bold and all distinguishable by context.
		</div><div class="para">
			Note the <span class="guimenu"><strong> ></strong></span> shorthand used to indicate traversal through a menu and its sub-menus. This is to avoid the difficult-to-follow 'Select <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Mouse</strong></span> from the <span class="guimenu"><strong>Preferences</strong></span> sub-menu in the <span class="guimenu"><strong>System</strong></span> menu of the main menu bar' approach.
		</div><div class="para">
			<code class="command"><em class="replaceable"><code>Mono-spaced Bold Italic</code></em></code> or <span class="application"><strong><em class="replaceable"><code>Proportional Bold Italic</code></em></strong></span>
		</div><div class="para">
			Whether Mono-spaced Bold or Proportional Bold, the addition of Italics indicates replaceable or variable text. Italics denotes text you do not input literally or displayed text that changes depending on circumstance. For example:
		</div><div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><div class="para">
				To connect to a remote machine using ssh, type <code class="command">ssh <em class="replaceable"><code>username</code></em>@<em class="replaceable"><code>domain.name</code></em></code> at a shell prompt. If the remote machine is <code class="filename">example.com</code> and your username on that machine is john, type <code class="command">ssh john at example.com</code>.
			</div><div class="para">
				The <code class="command">mount -o remount <em class="replaceable"><code>file-system</code></em></code> command remounts the named file system. For example, to remount the <code class="filename">/home</code> file system, the command is <code class="command">mount -o remount /home</code>.
			</div><div class="para">
				To see the version of a currently installed package, use the <code class="command">rpm -q <em class="replaceable"><code>package</code></em></code> command. It will return a result as follows: <code class="command"><em class="replaceable"><code>package-version-release</code></em></code>.
			</div></blockquote></div><div class="para">
			Note the words in bold italics above — username, domain.name, file-system, package, version and release. Each word is a placeholder, either for text you enter when issuing a command or for text displayed by the system.
		</div><div class="para">
			Aside from standard usage for presenting the title of a work, italics denotes the first use of a new and important term. For example:
		</div><div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><div class="para">
				When the Apache HTTP Server accepts requests, it dispatches child processes or threads to handle them. This group of child processes or threads is known as a <em class="firstterm">server-pool</em>. Under Apache HTTP Server 2.0, the responsibility for creating and maintaining these server-pools has been abstracted to a group of modules called <em class="firstterm">Multi-Processing Modules</em> (<em class="firstterm">MPMs</em>). Unlike other modules, only one module from the MPM group can be loaded by the Apache HTTP Server.
			</div></blockquote></div></div><div class="section" title="2.2. 抬​升​式​引​用​约​定​"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title" id="d0e318">2.2. 抬​升​式​引​用​约​定​</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
			二​，一​般​是​多​行​，数​据​输​入​要​明​显​与​周​围​文​本​分​开​。​
		</div><div class="para">
			将​发​送​到​终​端​的​输​入​设​置​为 <code class="computeroutput">Mono-spaced Roman</code> 并​显​示​为​：
		</div><pre class="screen">books        Desktop   documentation  drafts  mss    photos   stuff  svn
books_tests  Desktop1  downloads      images  notes  scripts  svgs
</pre><div class="para">
			源​码​列​表​也​设​为 <code class="computeroutput">Mono-spaced Roman</code>，但​以​下​面​的​形​式​出​现​和​突​出​：
		</div><pre class="programlisting">package org.jboss.book.jca.ex1;

import javax.naming.InitialContext;

public class ExClient
{
   public static void main(String args[]) 
       throws Exception
   {
      InitialContext iniCtx = new InitialContext();
      Object         ref    = iniCtx.lookup("EchoBean");
      EchoHome       home   = (EchoHome) ref;
      Echo           echo   = home.create();

      System.out.println("Created Echo");

      System.out.println("Echo.echo('Hello') = " + echo.echo("Hello"));
   }
   
}
</pre></div><div class="section" title="2.3. 备​注​及​警​告​"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title" id="d0e337">2.3. 备​注​及​警​告​</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
			最​后​，我​们​使​用​三​种​视​觉​形​式​来​突​出​那​些​可​能​被​忽​视​的​信​息​。​
		</div><div class="note"><h2>备​注​</h2><div class="para">
				备​注​是​对​手​头​任​务​的​提​示​、​捷​径​或​者​另​外​的​解​决​方​法​。​忽​略​提​示​不​会​造​成​负​面​后​果​，但​您​可​能​会​错​过​一​个​更​省​事​的​诀​窍​。​
			</div></div><div class="important"><h2>重​要​</h2><div class="para">
				重​要​框​中​的​内​容​是​那​些​容​易​错​过​的​事​情​：配​置​更​改​只​可​用​于​当​前​会​话​，或​者​在​应​用​更​新​前​要​重​启​服​务​。​忽​略​重​要​框​中​的​内​容​不​会​造​成​数​据​丢​失​但​可​能​会​让​您​抓​狂​。​
			</div></div><div class="warning"><h2>警​告​</h2><div class="para">
				警​告​是​不​应​被​忽​略​的​。​忽​略​警​告​信​息​很​可​能​导​致​数​据​丢​失​。​
			</div></div></div></div><div class="section" title="3. 我们需要您的反馈！"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" id="d0e357">3. 我们需要您的反馈！</h2></div></div></div><a id="d0e360" class="indexterm"/><div class="para">如​果​你​发​现​了​排​印​错​误​或​者​有​改​进​本​文​档​的​建​议​，我​们​希​望​能​听​取​你​的​意​见​。​请​在 Bugzilla <a href="http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla/">http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla/</a> 里​提​交​关​于产品 <span class="application"><strong>Fedora Documentation.</strong></span> 的​报​告​。​ </div><div class="para">提交报告时，请​记​得​提​及​文​档​的​标​识​符​：<em class="citetitle">Virtualization_Guide</em> </div><div class="para">如​果​你​有​改​进​本​文​档​的​建​议​，请​尽​量​将​其​明​
 确​化​。​如​果​你​发​现​了​错​误​，请​指​出​章​节​号​以​及​其​周​围​的​相​关​文​字​，以​便​我​们​尽​快​找​到​并​更​正​该​错​误​。​ </div></div></div><div class="part" title="部分 I. Installation"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title" id="part-Virtualization_Guide-Installation">部分 I. Installation</h1></div></div></div><div class="partintro" title="虛​擬​化​的​安​裝​主​題​"><div><div><div><h1 id="part-Virtualization_Guide-Installation-Virtualization_installation_topics" class="title">虛​擬​化​的​安​裝​主​題​</h1></div></div></div><div class="para">
				这​些​章​节​论​述​了​如​何​设​置​主​机​以​及​安​装 Fedora 虚​拟​客​户​端​。​建​议​您​仔​细​阅​读​这​些​章​节​以​确​保​成​功​安​装​虚​拟​客​户​端​操​作​系​统​。​
			</div><div class="toc"><p><b>目录</b></p><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_the_virtualization_packages">1. 安​装​虚​拟​化​软​件​包​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_the_virtualization_packages-Installing_KVM_with_a_new_Fedora_installation">1.1. 在​全​新 Fedora 安​装​过​程​中​安​装 KVM</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_the_virtualization_packages-Installing_KVM_packages_on_an_existing_Fedora_system">1.2. 在​现​有 Fedora 系​统​中​安​装 KVM 软​件​包​</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualized_guest_installation_overview">2. 虚​拟​客​户​端​安​装​总​览​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualized_guest_insta
 llation_overview-Creating_guests_with_virt_install">2.1. 使​用 virt-install 创​建​客​户​端​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualized_guest_installation_overview-Creating_guests_with_virt_manager">2.2. 使​用 virt-manager 创​建​客​户​端​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualized_guest_installation_overview-Installing_guests_with_PXE">2.3. 使​用 PXE 安​装​客​户​端​</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-Guest_operating_system_installation_procedures">3. 客​户​端​操​作​系​统​安​装​过​程​</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux_5_as_a_para_virtualized_guest">3.1. 将​红​帽​企​业​版 Linux 5 作​为​半​虚​拟​客​户​端​安​装​</a></sp
 an></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux_as_a_fully_virtualized_guest">3.2. 将​红​帽​企​业​版 Linux 作​为​全​虚​拟​客​户​端​安​装​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_Windows_XP_as_a_fully_virtualized_guest">3.3. 将 Windows XP 作​为​全​虚​拟​客​户​端​安​装​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_Windows_Server_2003_as_a_fully_virtualized_guest">3.4. 将 Windows 服​务​器 2003 作​为​全​虚​拟​客​户​端​安​装​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_Windows_Server_2008_as_a_fully_virtualized_guest">3.5. 将 Windows 服​务​器 2008 作​为​全​虚​拟​客​户​端​安​装​</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div></div><div xml:lang="zh-CN"
  class="chapter" title="第 1 章 安​装​虚​拟​化​软​件​包​"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" id="chap-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_the_virtualization_packages">第 1 章 安​装​虚​拟​化​软​件​包​</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_the_virtualization_packages-Installing_KVM_with_a_new_Fedora_installation">1.1. 在​全​新 Fedora 安​装​过​程​中​安​装 KVM</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_the_virtualization_packages-Installing_KVM_packages_on_an_existing_Fedora_system">1.2. 在​现​有 Fedora 系​统​中​安​装 KVM 软​件​包​</a></span></dt></dl></div><div class="section" title="1.1. 在​全​新 Fedora 安​装​过​程​中​安​装 KVM"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" id="sect-Virtualization_Guid
 e-Installing_the_virtualization_packages-Installing_KVM_with_a_new_Fedora_installation">1.1. 在​全​新 Fedora 安​装​过​程​中​安​装 KVM</h2></div></div></div><div class="para">
			这​部​分​论​述​了​在​全​新 Fedora 安​装​过​程​中​安​装​虚​拟​化​工​具​以​及 KVM 软​件​包​。​
		</div><div class="note"><h2>安​装​过​程​中​需​要​帮​助​吗​？</h2><div class="para">
				<em class="citetitle">《​安​装​指​南​》​</em>（详​见 <a href="http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/enterprise/">redhat.com</a>）中​详​细​论​述​了 Fedora 12的​安​装​。​
			</div></div><div class="procedure"><ol class="1"><li class="step" title="步骤 1"><div class="para">
					从 Fedpra 12 安​装 CD-ROM、​DVD 或​者 PXE 启​动​互​动 Fedora 安​装​。​
				</div></li><li class="step" title="步骤 2"><div class="para">
					完​成​软​件​包​选​择​步​骤​前​的​步​骤​。​
				</div><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/RHELcustomize14.png"/></div><div class="para">
					选​择​<span class="guilabel"><strong>「​虚​拟​化​」​</strong></span>软​件​包​组​群​以​及​<span class="guilabel"><strong>「​现​在​定​制​」​</strong></span>单​选​按​钮​。​
				</div></li><li class="step" title="步骤 3"><div class="para">
					请​选​择​<span class="guilabel"><strong>「​KVM」​</strong></span>软​件​包​组​。​取​消​对​<span class="guilabel"><strong>「​虚​拟​化​」​</strong></span>软​件​包​组​的​选​择​。​这​样​会​选​择 KVM 管​理​程​序​、​<code class="command">virt-manager</code>、​<code class="command">libvirt</code> 和 <code class="command">virt-viewer</code> 进​行​安​装​。​
				</div><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/RHELkvmSelect.png"/></div></li><li class="step" title="定​制​软​件​包​（如​果​需​要​）" id="step-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_KVM_with_a_new_Linux_installation-Customize_the_packages_if_required"><p class="title"><b>定​制​软​件​包​（如​果​需​要​）</b></p><div class="para">
					如​果​您​需​要​其​它​虚​拟​化​软​件​包​则​请​定​制​<span class="guilabel"><strong>「​虚​拟​化​」​</strong></span>组​。​
				</div><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/RHELKVMpackages.png"/></div><div class="para">
					按​<span class="guilabel"><strong>「​下​一​步​」​</strong></span>旁​边​的​<span class="guilabel"><strong>「​关​闭​」​</strong></span>继​续​安​装​。​
				</div></li></ol></div><div class="formalpara"><h5 class="formalpara" id="form-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_KVM_with_a_new_Fedora_installation-Installing_KVM_packages_with_Kickstart_files">使​用 kickstart 文​件​安​装 KVM 软​件​包​</h5>
				这​部​分​论​述​了​如​何​使​用 Kickstart 文​件​安​装​带 KVM 管​理​程​序​软​件​包​的 Fedora。​Kickstart 文​件​允​许​大​量​的​自​动​安​装​，从​而​无​需​为​每​个​独​立​的​系​统​进​行​用​户​手​动​安​装​。​这​部​分​讨​论​的​步​骤​将​帮​助​您​创​建​并​使​用 Kickstart 文​件​来​安​装​含​有​虚​拟​化​软​件​包​的 Fedora。​
			</div><div class="para">
			在​您 Kickstart 文​件​的 <code class="computeroutput">%packages</code> 部​分​附​加​以​下​软​件​包​组​：
		</div><pre class="screen">%packages
@kvm
</pre><div class="para">
			Kickstart 文​件​详​情​请​参​考​<em class="citetitle">《​Fedora 12 安​装​指​南​》​</em>中​的 Fedora 项​目​网​页 <a href="http://docs.fedoraproject.org">http://docs.fedoraproject.org</a>。​
		</div></div><div class="section" title="1.2. 在​现​有 Fedora 系​统​中​安​装 KVM 软​件​包​"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" id="sect-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_the_virtualization_packages-Installing_KVM_packages_on_an_existing_Fedora_system">1.2. 在​现​有 Fedora 系​统​中​安​装 KVM 软​件​包​</h2></div></div></div><div class="para">
			这​部​分​论​述​了​要​在​正​常​工​作​的 Fedora 12 系​统​中​安​装 KVM 管​理​程​序​的​步​骤​。​
		</div><div class="formalpara"><h5 class="formalpara" id="form-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_KVM_packages_on_an_existing_Fedora_system-Installing_the_KVM_hypervisor_with_yum">使​用 <code class="command">yum</code> 安​装 KVM 管​理​程​序​</h5>
				要​在 Fedora 中​使​用​虚​拟​化​，您​需​要​有 <code class="filename">kvm</code> 软​件​包​。​<code class="filename">kvm</code> 软​件​包​中​含​有 KVM 内​核​模​块​，它​可​在​默​认 Linux 内​核​中​提​供 KVM 管​理​程​序​。​
			</div><div class="para">
			要​安​装 <code class="filename">kvm</code> 软​件​包​，请​运​行​： 
<pre class="screen"># yum install kvm
</pre>
		</div><div class="para">
			现​在​安​装​附​加​虚​拟​化​管​理​软​件​包​。​
		</div><div class="variablelist" title="推​荐​的​虚​拟​化​软​件​包​：" id="vari-Virtualization_Guide-Installing_KVM_packages_on_an_existing_Fedora_system-Recommended_virtualization_packages"><h6>推​荐​的​虚​拟​化​软​件​包​：</h6><dl><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">python-virtinst</code></span></dt><dd><div class="para">
						提​供​创​建​虚​拟​机​的 <code class="command">virt-install</code> 命​令​。​
					</div></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">libvirt</code></span></dt><dd><div class="para">
						<code class="filename">libvirt</code> 是​一​个​可​与​管​理​程​序​互​动​的 API 程​序​库​。​<code class="filename">libvirt</code> 使​用 <code class="command">xm</code> 虚​拟​化​构​架​以​及 <code class="command">virsh</code> 命​令​行​工​具​管​理​和​控​制​虚​拟​机​。​
					</div></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">libvirt-python</code></span></dt><dd><div class="para">
						libvirt-python 软​件​包​中​含​有​一​个​模​块​，它​允​许​使​用​由 Python 编​程​语​言​编​写​的​应​用​程​序​使​用​由 <code class="filename">libvirt</code> API 提​供​的​界​面​。​
					</div></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">virt-manager</code></span></dt><dd><div class="para">
						<code class="command">virt-manager</code>，也​称 <span class="application"><strong>Virtual Machine Manager</strong></span>，它​可​为​管​理​虚​拟​机​提​供​图​形​工​具​。​它​使​用 <code class="filename">libvirt</code> 程​序​库​作​为​管​理 API。​
					</div></dd></dl></div><div class="para">
			安​装​其​它​推​荐​的​虚​拟​化​软​件​包​：
		</div><pre class="screen"># yum install virt-manager libvirt libvirt-python python-virtinst
</pre></div></div><div xml:lang="zh-CN" class="chapter" title="第 2 章 虚​拟​客​户​端​安​装​总​览​"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" id="chap-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualized_guest_installation_overview">第 2 章 虚​拟​客​户​端​安​装​总​览​</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualized_guest_installation_overview-Creating_guests_with_virt_install">2.1. 使​用 virt-install 创​建​客​户​端​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualized_guest_installation_overview-Creating_guests_with_virt_manager">2.2. 使​用 virt-manager 创​建​客​户​端​</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sect-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualized_guest_installation_overview-Installing_guests_with_PXE">2.3. 使​用 PXE 安​装​客​户​端​</a></span></dt></dl></d
 iv><div class="para">
		您​在​主​机​系​统​中​安​装​虚​拟​化​软​件​包​后​即​可​创​建​客​户​端​操​作​系​统​。​本​章​论​述​了​在​虚​拟​机​中​安​装​客​户​端​操​作​系​统​的​一​般​步​骤​。​您​可​以​在 <span class="application"><strong>virt-manager</strong></span> 中​使​用 <span class="guibutton"><strong>新​建​</strong></span> 按​钮​创​建​客​户​端​，也​可​以​使​用​命​令​行​界​面 <code class="command">virt-install</code> 进​行​此​操​作​。​本​章​论​述​了​这​两​种​方​法​。​
	</div><div class="para">
		红​帽​企​业​版 Linux 的​每​个​具​体​版​本​都​有​详​细​的​安​装​说​明​，其​它 Linux 发​行​本​、​Solaris 和 Windows 的​说​明​请​参​考 <a class="xref" href="#chap-Virtualization_Guide-Guest_operating_system_installation_procedures" title="第 3 章 客​户​端​操​作​系​统​安​装​过​程​">第 3 章 <i>客​户​端​操​作​系​统​安​装​过​程​</i></a>。​
	</div><div class="section" title="2.1. 使​用 virt-install 创​建​客​户​端​"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" id="sect-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualized_guest_installation_overview-Creating_guests_with_virt_install">2.1. 使​用 virt-install 创​建​客​户​端​</h2></div></div></div><div class="para">
			您​可​以​使​用 <code class="command">virt-install</code> 命​令​从​命​令​行​创​建​虚​拟​客​户​端​。​<code class="command">virt-install</code> 可​以​交​互​方​式​使​用​，也​可​以​使​用​脚​本​从​而​自​动​生​成​虚​拟​机​。​将 Kickstart 文​件​与 <code class="command">virt-install</code> 共​同​使​用​即​可​进​行​虚​拟​机​的​自​动​安​装​。​
		</div><div class="para">
			<code class="command">virt-install</code> 工​具​提​供​很​多​选​项​，它​们​可​提​供​该​命​令​行​。​要​查​看​选​项​完​整​列​表​请​运​行​：
		</div><pre class="screen">$ virt-install --help
</pre><div class="para">
			<code class="command">virt-install</code> man page 还​记​录​了​每​个​命​令​选​项​和​重​要​变​量​。​
		</div><div class="para">
			<code class="command">qemu-img</code> 是​一​个​关​联​命​令​，可​在 <code class="command">virt-install</code> 前​用​来​配​置​存​储​选​项​。​
		</div><div class="para">
			<em class="parameter"><code>--vnc</code></em> 是​一​个​重​要​选​项​，它​可​为​客​户​端​安​装​打​开​图​形​窗​口​。​
		</div><div class="example" id="exam-Virtualization_Guide-Creating_guests_with_virt_install-Using_virt_install_with_KVM_to_create_a_Linux_3_guest"><div class="example-contents"><div class="para">
				这​个​示​例​在 CE-ROM 中​使​用​虚​拟​联​网​和 5GB 基​于​文​件​的​块​设​备​映​像​创​建​了​名​为 <em class="parameter"><code>rhel3support</code></em> 的​红​帽​企​业​版 Linux 3 客​户​端​。​这​个​示​例​使​用​的​是 KVM 管​理​程​序​。​
			</div><pre class="screen"># virt-install --accelerate --hvm --connect qemu:///system \
        --network network:default \
        --name rhel3support --ram=756\
        --file=/var/lib/libvirt/images/rhel3support.img \
        --file-size=6 --vnc --cdrom=/dev/sr0
</pre></div><h6>例 2.1. 使​用 virt-install 和 KVM 创​建​红​帽​企​业​版 Linux 3 客​户​端​</h6></div><br class="example-break"/><div class="example" id="exam-Virtualization_Guide-Creating_guests_with_virt_install-Using_virt_install_to_create_a_Fedora_11_guest"><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen"># virt-install --name Fedora11 --ram 512 --file=/var/lib/libvirt/images/Fedora11.img \
[...2693 lines suppressed...]
				</div></li><li class="step" title="步骤 6"><div class="para">
					运​行 <code class="command">cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep vmx svm</code>。​如​果​命​令​有​输​出​结​果​，则​启​用​了​虚​拟​化​扩​展​。​如​果​没​有​结​果​，那​么​您​的​系​统​可​能​没​有​虚​拟​化​扩​展​或​者​没​有​启​用​正​确​的 BIOS 设​置​。​
				</div></li></ol></div></div></div></div><div xml:lang="zh-CN" class="appendix" title="附录 A. 附​加​资​源​"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 id="appe-Virtualization_Guide-Additional_resources" class="title">附​加​资​源​</h1></div></div></div><div class="para">
		要​对 Linux 和​虚​拟​化​有​更​多​了​解​，请​参​考​下​面​的​资​源​。​
	</div><div class="section" title="A.1. 在​线​资​源​"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" id="sect-Virtualization_Guide-Additional_resources-Online_resources">A.1. 在​线​资​源​</h2></div></div></div><a id="d0e8338" class="indexterm"/><div class="itemizedlist"><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					<a href="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/research/srg/netos/xen/">http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/research/srg/netos/xen/</a> <span class="trademark">Xen</span>™ 半​虚​拟​化​机​器​管​理​器​的​项​目​网​站​，Fedora <span class="package">kernel-xen</span> 软​件​包​源​于​这​个​项​目​。​在​这​个​站​点​中​保​存​了​上​级 xen 项​目​的​二​进​制​文​件​和​源​码​，同​时​还​保​留​了​有​关 xen 的​资​料​、​架​构​总​览​、​文​档​和​与 xen 以​及​其​关​联​技​术​的​链​接​。​
				</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					Xen 社​区​网​页​
				</div><div class="para">
					<a href="http://www.xen.org/">http://www.xen.org/</a>
				</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					<a href="http://www.libvirt.org/">http://www.libvirt.org/</a> 是 <code class="command">libvirt</code> 虚​拟​化 API 的​官​方​网​站​。​
				</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					<a href="http://virt-manager.et.redhat.com/">http://virt-manager.et.redhat.com/</a> 是 <span class="application"><strong>Virtual Machine Manager</strong></span> (virt-manager) 的​项​目​网​站​，它​是​一​个​管​理​虚​拟​机​的​图​形​化​应​用​程​序​。​
				</div></li></ul></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					开​源​虚​拟​化​中​心​
				</div><div class="para">
					<a href="http://www.openvirtualization.com/">http://www.openvirtualization.com</a>
				</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					Fedora 文​档​
				</div><div class="para">
					<a href="http://docs.fedoraproject.org">http://docs.fedoraproject.org</a>
				</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					虚​拟​化​技​术​总​览​
				</div><div class="para">
					<a href="http://virt.kernelnewbies.org/">http://virt.kernelnewbies.org</a>
				</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					红​帽​新​技​术​组​
				</div><div class="para">
					<a href="http://et.redhat.com/">http://et.redhat.com</a>
				</div></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" title="A.2. 安​装​的​文​档​"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" id="sect-Virtualization_Guide-Additional_resources-Installed_documentation">A.2. 安​装​的​文​档​</h2></div></div></div><a id="d0e8419" class="indexterm"/><div class="itemizedlist"><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					<code class="filename">/usr/share/doc/xen-<em class="replaceable"><code><version-number></code></em>/</code> 是​包​含​有​关 Xen 半​虚​拟​化​管​理​程​序​以​及​相​关​管​理​工​具​信​息​的​目​录​，其​中​包​括​各​种​示​例​配​置​、​硬​件​特​别​信​息​以​及​当​前 Xen 上​级​用​户​文​档​。​
				</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					<code class="command">man virsh</code> 和 <code class="filename">/usr/share/doc/libvirt-<em class="replaceable"><code><version-number></code></em></code> — 包​含​了 <code class="command">virsh</code> 虚​拟​机​管​理​工​具​的​子​命​令​和​选​项​，还​包​括​有​关 <code class="filename">libvirt</code> 虚​拟​化​库 API 的​综​合​信​息​。​
				</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					<code class="filename">/usr/share/doc/gnome-applet-vm-<em class="replaceable"><code><version-number></code></em></code> — 监​控​和​管​理​本​地​运​行​的​虚​拟​机​的 GNOME 图​形​化​面​板 applet 的​文​档​。​
				</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					<code class="filename">/usr/share/doc/libvirt-python-<em class="replaceable"><code><version-number></code></em></code> — 提​供 <code class="filename">libvirt</code> 库​的 Python 绑​定​的​细​节​。​<code class="filename">libvirt-python</code> 软​件​包​允​许 python 开​发​者​用 <code class="filename">libvirt</code> 虚​拟​化​管​理​库​编​写​程​序​。​
				</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					<code class="filename">/usr/share/doc/python-virtinst-<em class="replaceable"><code><version-number></code></em></code> — 提​供​在​虚​拟​机​中​帮​助​开​始​安​装 Fedora 以​及 Linux 相​关​发​行​本​的 <code class="command">virt-install</code> 命​令​的​文​档​。​
				</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
					<code class="filename">/usr/share/doc/virt-manager-<em class="replaceable"><code><version-number></code></em></code> — 提​供​虚​拟​机​管​理​者​（管​理​虚​拟​机​的​图​形​化​工​具​）的​文​档​。​
				</div></li></ul></div></div></div><div xml:lang="zh-CN" class="appendix" title="附录 B. 修​订​记​录​"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 id="appe-Virtualization_Guide-Revision_History" class="title">修​订​记​录​</h1></div></div></div><div class="para">
		<div class="revhistory"><table border="0" width="100%" summary="Revision history"><tr><th align="left" valign="top" colspan="3"><b>修订历史</b></th></tr><tr><td align="left">修订 12.1.3</td><td align="left">Mon Oct 12 2009</td><td align="left"><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Christopher</span> <span class="surname">C</span></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left" colspan="3">
					<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>从​红​帽​企​业​版 Linux 5.4 虚​拟​化​指​南​版​本 5.4-61 中​分​离​。​</td></tr></table>
				</td></tr></table></div>
	</div></div><div xml:lang="zh-CN" class="appendix" title="附录 C. 版​权​"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 id="appe-Virtualization_Guide-Colophon" class="title">版​权​</h1></div></div></div><div class="para">
		本​手​册​书​写​格​式​为 DocBook XML v4.3。​
	</div><div class="para">
		本​书​主​要​由 Jan Mark Holzer 和 Chris Curran 完​成​。​
	</div><div class="para">
		其​他​参​与​者​包​括​：
	</div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
				Don Dutile -- 半​虚​拟​驱​动​程​序​部​分​的​技​术​编​辑​。​
			</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
				Barry Donahue -- 半​虚​拟​驱​动​程​序​部​分​的​技​术​编​辑​。​
			</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
				Rick Ring -- 虚​拟​机​管​理​器​部​分​的​技​术​编​辑​。​
			</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
				Michael Kearey -- 带 virsh 和​虚​拟​软​驱​的 XML 配​置​文​件​应​用​部​分​的​技​术​编​辑​。​
			</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
				Marco Grigull -- 软​件​兼​容​性​以​及​性​能​部​分​的​技​术​编​辑​。​
			</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
				Eugene Teo -- 使​用 virsh 进​行​客​户​端​管​理​部​分​的​技​术​编​辑​。​
			</div></li></ul></div><div class="para">
		本​书​的​发​布​工​具​为 Publican，作​者 Jeffrey Fearn。​
	</div><div class="para">
		红​帽​本​地​化​团​队​成​员​组​成​：
	</div><div class="itemizedlist" id="item-Virtualization_Guide-Colophon-East_Asian_Languages"><h6>东​亚​语​种​</h6><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
				简​体​中​文​
			</div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
						Leah Wei Liu
					</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
				繁​体​中​文​
			</div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
						Chester Cheng
					</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
						Terry Chuang
					</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
				日​语​
			</div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
						Junko Ito
					</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
				韩​语​
			</div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
						Eun-ju Kim
					</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div><div class="itemizedlist" id="item-Virtualization_Guide-Colophon-Latin_Languages"><h6>拉​丁​语​种​</h6><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
				法​语​
			</div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
						Sam Friedmann
					</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
				德​语​
			</div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
						Hedda Peters
					</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
				意​大​利​语​
			</div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
						Francesco Valente
					</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
				巴​西​葡​萄​牙​语​
			</div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
						Glaucia de Freitas
					</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
						Leticia de Lima
					</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
				西​班​牙​语​
			</div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
						Angela Garcia
					</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
						Gladys Guerrero
					</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
				俄​语​
			</div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
						Yuliya Poyarkova
					</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></div><div xml:lang="zh-CN" class="glossary" title="术语表"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" id="d0e8645">术语表</h2></div></div></div><div class="para">
		这​个​词​汇​表​是​为​了​定​义​在​这​个​安​装​指​南​中​所​使​用​的​术​语​。​
	</div><dl><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-Bare_metal">裸​机​</dt><dd><div class="para">
				裸​机​指​的​是​计​算​机​的​基​本​物​理​构​架​。​在​裸​机​中​运​行​一​个​操​作​系​统​与​在​物​理​硬​件​中​运​行​一​个​未​修​订​版​本​的​操​作​系​统​的​效​果​一​致​。​在​裸​机​中​运​行​的​操​作​系​统​示​例​为 <a class="firstterm" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-dom0"><em class="firstterm">dom0</em></a>，或​者​是​一​般​安​装​的​操​作​系​统​。​
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-dom0">dom0</dt><dd><div class="para">
				还​可​称​为 <a class="xref" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-Host" title="主​机​">主​机​</a> 或​者​主​机​操​作​系​统​。​
			</div><div class="para">
				<code class="command">dom0</code> 指​的​是​运​行 <a class="xref" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-Hypervisor" title="管​理​程​序​">管​理​程​序​</a> 的​红​帽​企​业​版 Linux 主​机​事​件​，它​可​帮​助​客​户​端​操​作​系​统​的​虚​拟​化​。​Dom0 在​物​理​硬​盘​中​运​行​并​管​理​为​其​自​身​和​客​户​端​操​作​系​统​分​配​物​理​硬​件​和​资​源​。​
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-Domains">Domain</dt><dd><div class="para">
				<a class="xref" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-domU" title="domU">domU</a> 和 <a class="xref" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-Domains" title="Domain">Domain</a> 都​是​域​。​域​在 <a class="xref" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-Hypervisor" title="管​理​程​序​">管​理​程​序​</a> 中​运​行​。​域​这​个​词​和 <a class="xref" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-Virtual_machines" title="虚​拟​机​">虚​拟​机​</a> 有​类​似​的​含​义​，且​从​技​术​角​度​来​说​可​以​互​换​。​一​个​域​就​是​一​台​虚​拟​机​。​
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-domU">domU</dt><dd><div class="para">
				<code class="command">domU</code> 是​指​在​主​机​系​统​中​运​行​的​客​户​端​操​作​系​统​（<a class="xref" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-Domains" title="Domain">Domain</a>）。​
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-Full_virtualization">全​虚​拟​化​</dt><dd><div class="para">
				在​全​虚​拟​化​中​可​以​使​用 Xen 和 KVM。​全​虚​拟​化​使​用​处​理​器​的​硬​件​特​性​提​供​对​基​本​物​理​系​统​（<a class="xref" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-Bare_metal" title="裸​机​">裸​机​</a>）的​完​整​提​取​，并​创​建​一​个​可​供​客​户​端​操​作​系​统​运​行​的​新​虚​拟​系​统​。​客​户​端​操​作​系​统​及​所​有​应​用​程​序​象​平​常​一​样​运​行​，意​识​不​到​虚​拟​环​境​的​存​在​。​半​虚​拟​化​需​要​一​个 Linux 操​作​系​统​的​修​订​版​本​。​
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-Fully_virtualized">全​虚​拟​</dt><dd><div class="para">
				请​参​考 <a class="xref" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-Full_virtualization" title="全​虚​拟​化​">全​虚​拟​化​</a>。​
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-Guest_system">客​户​端​系​统​</dt><dd><div class="para">
				也​称​之​为​客​户​端​、​虚​拟​机​或​者 <a class="xref" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-domU" title="domU">domU</a>
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-Hardware_Virtual_Machine">硬​件​虚​拟​机​</dt><dd><div class="para">
				请​参​考 <a class="xref" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-Full_virtualization" title="全​虚​拟​化​">全​虚​拟​化​</a>
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-Hypervisor">管​理​程​序​</dt><dd><div class="para">
				管​理​程​序​是​用​来​从​操​作​系​统​中​提​取​硬​件​信​息​的​软​件​层​，可​允​许​在​同​一​个​硬​件​中​运​行​多​个​操​作​系​统​。​在​主​机​系​统​中​运​行​的​管​理​程​序​还​允​许​其​它​虚​拟​操​作​系​统​在​主​机​的​硬​件​中​运​行​。​
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-Host">主​机​</dt><dd><div class="para">
				主​机​操​作​系​统​，也​称​为 <a class="xref" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-dom0" title="dom0">dom0</a>。​
			</div><div class="para">
				主​机​操​作​系​统​环​境​为 <a class="xref" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-Fully_virtualized" title="全​虚​拟​">全​虚​拟​</a> 和 <a class="xref" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-Para_virtualized" title="半​虚​拟​">半​虚​拟​</a> 运​行​虚​拟​化​软​件​。​
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-IO">I/O</dt><dd><div class="para">
				输​入​/输​出​（I/O，读​做​“​ai-ou”​）的​缩​写​。​I/O 可​用​来​描​述​任​意​来​自​计​算​机​或​者​向​计​算​机​传​输​数​据​的​程​序​、​操​作​、​设​备​，也​可​用​来​描​述​来​自​周​边​设​备​或​者​向​周​边​设​备​传​输​数​据​的​程​序​、​操​作​、​设​备​。​每​次​传​输​就​是​从​一​个​设​备​输​出​，然​后​输​入​到​另​一​个​设​备​中​。​类​似​键​盘​、​鼠​标​等​设​备​只​能​用​作​为​输​入​设​备​，而​打​印​机​则​只​能​作​为​输​出​设​备​。​可​擦​写​光​盘​既​是​输​入​设​备​，也​是​输​出​设​备​。​
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-Kernel_based_Virtual_Machine">基​于​内​核​的​虚​拟​机​</dt><dd><div class="para">
				KVM（基​于​内​核​的​虚​拟​机​）是​为 AMD64 和 Intel64 硬​件​中​的 Linux 准​备​的 <a class="xref" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-Full_virtualization" title="全​虚​拟​化​">全​虚​拟​化​</a> 解​决​方​案​。​KVM 是​为​标​准​红​帽​企​业​版 Linux 内​核​构​建​的 Linux 内​核​模​块​，可​运​行​多​个​未​变​性​的​虚​拟​客​户​端 Windows 和 Linux 操​作​系​统​。​KVM 是​使​用 libvirt 虚​拟​化​工​具​（virt-manager 和 virsh）的​管​理​程​序​。​
			</div><div class="para">
				KVM 是​用​于​管​理​程​序​模​块​本​身​的​一​组​管​理​设​备​、​内​存​和​管​理 API 的 Linux 内​核​模​块​。​这​些​模​块​可​控​制​作​为 Linux 进​程​和​线​程​运​行​的​虚​拟​客​户​端​。​
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-LUN">LUN</dt><dd><div class="para">
				逻​辑​单​位​编​号​（LUN）是​为​逻​辑​单​位​（SCSI 协​议​条​目​）分​配​的​号​码​。​
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-Migration">迁​移​</dt><dd><div class="para">
				迁​移​是​将​一​个​虚​拟​客​户​端​从​一​个​主​机​移​动​到​另​一​个​主​机​的​进​程​名​称​。​迁​移​可​离​线​（此​时​将​客​户​端​挂​起​然​后​移​动​）或​者​实​时​（不​将​客​户​端​挂​起​就​移​动​）进​行​。​Xen 全​虚​拟​客​户​端​、​Xen 半​虚​拟​客​户​端​和 KVM 全​虚​拟​客​户​端​都​可​迁​移​。​
			</div><div class="para">
				迁​移​是​虚​拟​化​的​一​个​主​要​特​性​，因​为​软​件​是​与​硬​件​完​全​分​开​的​。​迁​移​在​以​下​方​面​很​有​用​：
			</div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
						Load balancing - guests can be moved to hosts with lower usage when a host becomes overloaded.
					</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
						Hardware failover - when hardware devices on the host start to fail, guests can be safely relocated so the host can be powered down and repaired.
					</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
						Energy saving - guests can be redistributed to other hosts and host systems powered off to save energy and cut costs in low usage periods.
					</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
						Geographic migration - guests can be moved to another location for lower latency or in serious circumstances.
					</div></li></ul></div><div class="para">
				共​享​、​联​网​存​储​可​用​来​保​存​客​户​端​映​像​。​没​有​共​享​存​储​的​迁​移​是​无​法​进​行​的​。​
			</div><div class="para">
				An offline migration suspends the guest then moves an image of the guests memory to the destination host. The guest is resumed on the destination host and the memory the guest used on the source host is freed.
			</div><div class="para">
				离​线​迁​移​所​需​时​间​依​赖​网​络​带​宽​和​等​待​时​间​。​有 2GB 内​存​的​客​户​端​在 1Gbit 以​太​网​链​接​中​需​要​几​秒​钟​。​
			</div><div class="para">
				实​时​迁​移​可​让​客​户​端​继​续​在​源​主​机​中​运​行​并​在​不​停​止​客​户​端​的​情​况​下​移​动​内​存​。​发​送​映​像​后​会​追​踪​所​有​修​改​的​内​存​页​面​并​将​其​发​送​到​目​的​地​。​使​用​更​改​的​页​面​更​新​内​存​。​此​进​程​持​续​进​行​直​至​成​功​复​制​搜​有​页​面​或​者​源​变​化​太​快​以​至​目​的​地​主​机​无​法​复​制​。​如​果​出​现​以​上​两​种​情​况​，则​会​在​源​主​机​中​暂​停​该​客​户​端​并​发​送​记​录​器​（register）和​缓​存​。​在​新​主​机​中​载​入​这​些​记​录​器​，然​后​在​目​的​地​
 主​机​中​恢​复​该​客​户​端​。​如​果​无​法​合​并​该​客​户​端​（客​户​端​处​于​极​限​负​载​时​出​现​），则​会​暂​停​该​客​户​端​，然​后​启​动​离​线​迁​移​。​
			</div><div class="para">
				离​线​迁​移​所​需​时​间​依​赖​网​络​带​宽​和​等​待​时​间​以​及​客​户​端​中​的​活​动​。​如​果​该​客​户​端​正​在​使​用​大​量 I/O 或​者 CPU，迁​移​的​耗​时​会​很​长​。​
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-MAC_Addresses">MAC 地​址​</dt><dd><div class="para">
				介​质​访​问​控​制​地​址​是​网​络​接​口​控​制​器​的​硬​件​地​址​。​在​虚​拟​化​环​境​中​必​须​为​虚​拟​网​络​接​口​生​成 MAC 地​址​，且​您​本​地​域​中​的​每​个 MAC 都​应​该​是​唯​一​的​。​
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-Para_virtualization">半​虚​拟​化​</dt><dd><div class="para">
				半​虚​拟​化​使​用​特​殊​的​内​核​，有​时​是​指 Xen 内​核​或​者 <span class="package">kernel-xen</span>。​半​虚​拟​客​户​端​内​核​同​时​还​使​用​主​机​程​序​库​和​设​备​在​主​机​中​运​行​。​半​虚​拟​安​装​可​对​系​统​中​的​所​有​设​备​有​完​全​访​问​，但​可​使​用​安​全​性​设​置​（SELinux 和​文​件​控​制​）进​行​限​制​。​半​虚​拟​化​比​全​虚​拟​化​速​度​要​快​，可​有​效​用​于​负​载​平​衡​、​provisioning、​安​全​性​以​及​巩​固​性​提​高​。​
			</div><div class="para">
				因​为​从 Fedora 9 将​不​再​需​要​特​殊​内​核​。​一​旦​将​这​个​路​径​纳​入​主 Linux 树​结​构​，之​后​的​所​有 Linux 版​本​都​将​会​有​启​用​的​或​者​可​用​的​半​虚​拟​化​系​统​。​
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-Para_virtualized">半​虚​拟​</dt><dd><div class="para">
				请​参​考 <a class="xref" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-Para_virtualization" title="半​虚​拟​化​">半​虚​拟​化​</a>。​
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-Para_virtualized_drivers">半​虚​拟​驱​动​程​序​</dt><dd><div class="para">
				半​虚​拟​的​驱​动​程​序​是​在​全​虚​拟 Linux 客​户​端​中​进​行​操​作​的​设​备​驱​动​程​序​。​这​些​驱​动​程​序​为​全​虚​拟​客​户​端​极​大​提​高​了​网​络​和​块​设​备 I/O 的​性​能​。​
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-Security_Enhanced_Linux">安​全​性​提​高 Linux</dt><dd><div class="para">
				安​全​性​提​高 Linux 的​缩​写​。​SELinux 使​用 Linux 内​核​中​的 Linux 安​全​性​模​块​（LSM）提​供​安​全​性​策​略​所​需​的​最​小​特​权​范​围​。​
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-Universally_Unique_Identifier">全​局​唯​一​识​别​符​</dt><dd><div class="para">
				全​局​唯​一​识​别​符​（UUID）是​对​分​布​计​算​环​境​中​的​设​备​、​系​统​和​某​些​软​件​对​象​的​标​准​化​计​数​方​法​。​虚​拟​化​中​的 UUID 类​型​包​括​：<code class="systemitem">ext2</code> 和 <code class="systemitem">ext3</code> 文​件​系​统​识​别​符​、​RAID 设​备​识​别​符​、​iSCSI 和 LUN 设​备​识​别​符​、​MAC 地​址​以​及​虚​拟​机​识​别​符​。​
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualization">Virtualization</dt><dd><div class="para">
				虚​拟​化​是​一​个​用​于​运​行​软​件​的​泛​泛​计​算​术​语​。​通​常​操​作​系​统​与​系​统​中​的​其​他​程​序​共​存​且​独​立​于​其​他​程​序​。​大​多​数​目​前​采​用​的​虚​拟​化​使​用​管​理​程​序​。​管​理​程​序​通​过​为​客​户​端​操​作​系​统​提​供​虚​拟​硬​件​，让​多​个​操​作​系​统​可​在​同​一​物​理​系​统​中​运​行​。​虚​拟​化​操​作​系​统​的​方​法​有​很​多​： 
				<div class="itemizedlist"><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
							硬​件​辅​助​虚​拟​化​是​用​于 Xen 和 KVM 全​虚​拟​化​的​技​术​（定​义​：<a class="xref" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-Full_virtualization" title="全​虚​拟​化​">全​虚​拟​化​</a>）
						</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
							半​虚​拟​化​是 Xen 用​来​运​行 Linux 客​户​端​的​技​术​（定​义​：<a class="xref" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-Para_virtualization" title="半​虚​拟​化​">半​虚​拟​化​</a>）
						</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
							软​件​虚​拟​化​或​者​模​拟​。​软​件​虚​拟​化​使​用​二​进​制​转​换​和​其​它​模​拟​技​术​运​行​未​修​改​的​操​作​系​统​。​软​件​虚​拟​化​比​硬​件​辅​助​虚​拟​化​或​者​半​虚​拟​化​要​慢​很​多​。​
						</div></li></ul></div>
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-Virtualized_CPU">虚​拟 CPU</dt><dd><div class="para">
				运​行​红​帽​虚​拟​化​的​系​统​有​很​多​虚​拟 CPU 或​者 VCPU。​VCPU 的​数​目​是​限​定​的​，并​代​表​可​分​配​给​客​户​端​虚​拟​机​的 VCPU 总​数​。​
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-Virtual_machines">虚​拟​机​</dt><dd><div class="para">
				虚​拟​机​是​物​理​机​器​或​者​编​程​语​言​的​软​件​实​施​（例​如​：Java 运​行​时​环​境​或​者 LISP）。​虚​拟​化​环​境​中​的​虚​拟​机​上​下​文​就​是​在​虚​拟​硬​盘​中​运​行​的​操​作​系​统​。​
			</div></dd><dt id="glos-Virtualization_Guide-Xen">Xen</dt><dd><div class="para">
				红​帽​企​业​版 Linux 支​持 Xen 管​理​程​序​和 KVM 管​理​程​序​（请​参​考 <a class="xref" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-Kernel_based_Virtual_Machine" title="基​于​内​核​的​虚​拟​机​">基​于​内​核​的​虚​拟​机​</a>）。​两​个​管​理​程​序​有​不​同​的​构​架​和​开​发​方​法​。​Xen 管​理​程​序​在​作​为​主​机​管​理​系​统​资​源​和​虚​拟​化 API 的​红​帽​企​业​版 Linux 操​作​系​统​中​使​用​。​主​机​有​时​指​的​是 <a class="xref" href="#glos-Virtualization_Guide-dom0" title="dom0">dom0</a> 或​者 Domain0。​
			</div><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/Xen_full_virtualization_architecture.png"/></div><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/Xen_para-virtualization_architecture.png"/></div></dd></dl></div></div></body></html>

More information about the Fedora-docs-commits mailing list