[Libguestfs] [libnbd PATCH 4/5] python: Make nbd.Buffer lighter-weight

Richard W.M. Jones rjones at redhat.com
Sat Jun 4 10:14:20 UTC 2022


On Fri, Jun 03, 2022 at 05:26:34PM -0500, Eric Blake wrote:
> Instead of storing a PyCapsule in _o and repeatedly doing lookups to
> dereference a stored malloc'd pointer, it is easier to just directly
> store a Python buffer-like object as _o.  Then, instead of using
> Py_{INC,DEC}REF across the paired aio_p{read,write} and corresponding
> completion function, we now rely on PyObject_GetBuffer and
> ByBuffer_Release.  The use of memoryview protects us from the python
> user changing the buffer out from under our feet:
> 
> $ ./run nbdsh
> nbd> h.connect_command(['nbdkit','-s','memory','10'])
> nbd> b = bytearray(10)
> nbd> b1 = nbd.Buffer.from_bytearray(b)
> nbd> h.aio_pread(b1, 0)
> 1
> nbd> b.pop()
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "/usr/lib64/python3.10/code.py", line 90, in runcode
>     exec(code, self.locals)
>   File "<console>", line 1, in <module>
> BufferError: Existing exports of data: object cannot be re-sized
> nbd> h.poll(-1)
> 1
> nbd> h.aio_command_completed(1)
> True
> nbd> b1 = None
> nbd> b.pop()
> 0
> 
> This ALSO means that we're doing less copying! now that
> nbd.Buffer.from_bytearray() is reusing an existing python object
> instead of copying to a C malloc'd buffer, we have noticeable effects
> on performance.  For example, on my machine:
> 
> $ export script='
> m=1024*1024
> size=h.get_size()
> zero=bytearray(m)
> for i in range(size // m):
>   c = h.aio_pwrite(nbd.Buffer.from_bytearray(zero), m*i)
>   while not h.aio_command_completed(c):
>     h.poll(-1)
> '
> $ time nbdkit -U - null 10G --run 'nbdsh -u $uri -c "$script"'
> 
> takes 2.9s pre-patch, and 2.1s post-patch.
> 
> I noticed that nbd.Buffer(-1) changes from:
> RuntimeError: length < 0
> to
> SystemError: Negative size passed to PyByteArray_FromStringAndSize
> It would not be hard to revert that part, if needed.

The new message isn't difficult to understand.

> Pure Python doesn't have any quick isinstance() test for whether an
> object is buffer-like (only C has that, in PyObject_CheckBuffer) [1].
> That makes it interesting to preserve our pre-existing semantics (from
> the recent commit d477f7c7) where nbd.Buffer(int) gives uninitialized
> memory, but nbd.Buffer.from_bytearray(int) relies on the
> bytearray(int) constructor to give us initialized memory.  For the
> constructor, I had to use C, but for .from_bytearray (which is now
> slightly misnamed, oh well), I chose to stick to a python try/except
> instead of deferring to a C helper function.
> 
> [1] https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30017991/check-if-an-object-supports-the-buffer-protocol-python
> 
> The generated code changes as follows:
> 
> | --- python/methods.h.bak	2022-06-03 17:10:24.533842689 -0500
> | +++ python/methods.h	2022-06-03 17:10:33.833858093 -0500
> | @@ -28,16 +28,11 @@
> |
> |  #include <assert.h>
> |
> | -struct py_aio_buffer {
> | -  Py_ssize_t len;
> | -  void *data;
> | -};
> | -
> |  extern char **nbd_internal_py_get_string_list (PyObject *);
> |  extern void nbd_internal_py_free_string_list (char **);
> |  extern int nbd_internal_py_get_sockaddr (PyObject *,
> |      struct sockaddr_storage *, socklen_t *);
> | -extern struct py_aio_buffer *nbd_internal_py_get_aio_buffer (PyObject *);
> | +extern PyObject *nbd_internal_py_get_aio_buffer (PyObject *);
> |  extern PyObject *nbd_internal_py_get_nbd_buffer_type (void);
> |
> |  static inline struct nbd_handle *
> | @@ -66,9 +61,6 @@
> |  extern PyObject *nbd_internal_py_close (PyObject *self, PyObject *args);
> |  extern PyObject *nbd_internal_py_display_version (PyObject *self, PyObject *args);
> |  extern PyObject *nbd_internal_py_alloc_aio_buffer (PyObject *self, PyObject *args);
> | -extern PyObject *nbd_internal_py_aio_buffer_from_bytearray (PyObject *self, PyObject *args);
> | -extern PyObject *nbd_internal_py_aio_buffer_to_bytearray (PyObject *self, PyObject *args);
> | -extern PyObject *nbd_internal_py_aio_buffer_size (PyObject *self, PyObject *args);
> |  extern PyObject *nbd_internal_py_aio_buffer_is_zero (PyObject *self, PyObject *args);
> |  extern PyObject *nbd_internal_py_set_debug (PyObject *self, PyObject *args);
> |  extern PyObject *nbd_internal_py_get_debug (PyObject *self, PyObject *args);
> | --- python/methods.c.bak	2022-06-03 17:10:25.741844689 -0500
> | +++ python/methods.c	2022-06-03 17:13:09.689116273 -0500
> | @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
> |   */
> |  struct user_data {
> |    PyObject *fn;    /* Optional pointer to Python function. */
> | -  PyObject *buf;   /* Optional pointer to persistent buffer. */
> | +  Py_buffer view;  /* persistent buffer, if view->obj set. */
> |  };
> |
> |  static struct user_data *
> | @@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ free_user_data (void *user_data)
> |
> |    if (data) {
> |      Py_XDECREF (data->fn);
> | -    Py_XDECREF (data->buf);
> | +    PyBuffer_Release(&data->view);
> |      free (data);
> |    }
> |  }
> | @@ -3163,7 +3163,7 @@ nbd_internal_py_aio_pread (PyObject *sel
> |    int64_t ret;
> |    PyObject *py_ret = NULL;
> |    PyObject *buf; /* instance of nbd.Buffer */
> | -  struct py_aio_buffer *buf_buf; /* Contents of nbd.Buffer */
> | +  PyObject *buf_buf; /* Contents of nbd.Buffer */
> |    uint64_t offset_u64;
> |    unsigned long long offset; /* really uint64_t */
> |    struct user_data *completion_user_data = NULL;
> | @@ -3196,12 +3196,11 @@ nbd_internal_py_aio_pread (PyObject *sel
> |    flags_u32 = flags;
> |    buf_buf = nbd_internal_py_get_aio_buffer (buf);
> |    if (!buf_buf) goto out;
> | -  /* Increment refcount since buffer may be saved by libnbd. */
> | -  Py_INCREF (buf);
> | -  completion_user_data->buf = buf;
> | +  if (PyObject_GetBuffer(buf_buf, &completion_user_data->view,
> | +                         PyBUF_CONTIG) < 0) goto out;
> |    offset_u64 = offset;
> |
> | -  ret = nbd_aio_pread (h, buf_buf->data, buf_buf->len, offset_u64, completion, flags_u32);
> | +  ret = nbd_aio_pread (h, completion_user_data->view.buf, completion_user_data->view.len, offset_u64, completion, flags_u32);
> |    completion_user_data = NULL;
> |    if (ret == -1) {
> |      raise_exception ();
> | @@ -3210,6 +3209,7 @@ nbd_internal_py_aio_pread (PyObject *sel
> |    py_ret = PyLong_FromLongLong (ret);
> |
> |   out:
> | +  Py_XDECREF (buf_buf);
> |    free_user_data (completion_user_data);
> |    return py_ret;
> |  }
> | @@ -3222,7 +3222,7 @@ nbd_internal_py_aio_pread_structured (Py
> |    int64_t ret;
> |    PyObject *py_ret = NULL;
> |    PyObject *buf; /* instance of nbd.Buffer */
> | -  struct py_aio_buffer *buf_buf; /* Contents of nbd.Buffer */
> | +  PyObject *buf_buf; /* Contents of nbd.Buffer */
> |    uint64_t offset_u64;
> |    unsigned long long offset; /* really uint64_t */
> |    struct user_data *chunk_user_data = NULL;
> | @@ -3259,9 +3259,8 @@ nbd_internal_py_aio_pread_structured (Py
> |    flags_u32 = flags;
> |    buf_buf = nbd_internal_py_get_aio_buffer (buf);
> |    if (!buf_buf) goto out;
> | -  /* Increment refcount since buffer may be saved by libnbd. */
> | -  Py_INCREF (buf);
> | -  completion_user_data->buf = buf;
> | +  if (PyObject_GetBuffer(buf_buf, &completion_user_data->view,
> | +                         PyBUF_CONTIG) < 0) goto out;
> |    offset_u64 = offset;
> |    chunk.user_data = chunk_user_data = alloc_user_data ();
> |    if (chunk_user_data == NULL) goto out;
> | @@ -3274,7 +3273,7 @@ nbd_internal_py_aio_pread_structured (Py
> |    Py_INCREF (py_chunk_fn);
> |    chunk_user_data->fn = py_chunk_fn;
> |
> | -  ret = nbd_aio_pread_structured (h, buf_buf->data, buf_buf->len, offset_u64, chunk, completion, flags_u32);
> | +  ret = nbd_aio_pread_structured (h, completion_user_data->view.buf, completion_user_data->view.len, offset_u64, chunk, completion, flags_u32);

Could use pr_wrap ',' to wrap this nicely, although the old code
wasn't wrapped nicely either.

> |    chunk_user_data = NULL;
> |    completion_user_data = NULL;
> |    if (ret == -1) {
> | @@ -3284,6 +3283,7 @@ nbd_internal_py_aio_pread_structured (Py
> |    py_ret = PyLong_FromLongLong (ret);
> |
> |   out:
> | +  Py_XDECREF (buf_buf);
> |    free_user_data (chunk_user_data);
> |    free_user_data (completion_user_data);
> |    return py_ret;
> | @@ -3297,7 +3297,7 @@ nbd_internal_py_aio_pwrite (PyObject *se
> |    int64_t ret;
> |    PyObject *py_ret = NULL;
> |    PyObject *buf; /* instance of nbd.Buffer */
> | -  struct py_aio_buffer *buf_buf; /* Contents of nbd.Buffer */
> | +  PyObject *buf_buf; /* Contents of nbd.Buffer */
> |    uint64_t offset_u64;
> |    unsigned long long offset; /* really uint64_t */
> |    struct user_data *completion_user_data = NULL;
> | @@ -3330,12 +3330,11 @@ nbd_internal_py_aio_pwrite (PyObject *se
> |    flags_u32 = flags;
> |    buf_buf = nbd_internal_py_get_aio_buffer (buf);
> |    if (!buf_buf) goto out;
> | -  /* Increment refcount since buffer may be saved by libnbd. */
> | -  Py_INCREF (buf);
> | -  completion_user_data->buf = buf;
> | +  if (PyObject_GetBuffer(buf_buf, &completion_user_data->view,
> | +                         PyBUF_CONTIG_RO) < 0) goto out;
> |    offset_u64 = offset;
> |
> | -  ret = nbd_aio_pwrite (h, buf_buf->data, buf_buf->len, offset_u64, completion, flags_u32);
> | +  ret = nbd_aio_pwrite (h, completion_user_data->view.buf, completion_user_data->view.len, offset_u64, completion, flags_u32);
> |    completion_user_data = NULL;
> |    if (ret == -1) {
> |      raise_exception ();
> | @@ -3344,6 +3343,7 @@ nbd_internal_py_aio_pwrite (PyObject *se
> |    py_ret = PyLong_FromLongLong (ret);
> |
> |   out:
> | +  Py_XDECREF (buf_buf);
> |    free_user_data (completion_user_data);
> |    return py_ret;
> |  }
> | --- python/nbd.py.bak	2022-06-03 17:10:23.350840729 -0500
> | +++ python/nbd.py	2022-06-03 17:10:33.852858124 -0500
> | @@ -128,19 +128,21 @@ class Buffer(object):
> |
> |      @classmethod
> |      def from_bytearray(cls, ba):
> | -        '''create an AIO buffer from a bytearray'''
> | -        o = libnbdmod.aio_buffer_from_bytearray(ba)
> | +        '''create an AIO buffer from a bytearray or other buffer'''
> |          self = cls(0)
> | -        self._o = o
> | +        try:
> | +            self._o = memoryview(ba).cast('B')
> | +        except TypeError:
> | +            self._o = bytearray(ba)
> |          return self
> |
> |      def to_bytearray(self):
> |          '''copy an AIO buffer into a bytearray'''
> | -        return libnbdmod.aio_buffer_to_bytearray(self)
> | +        return bytearray(self._o)
> |
> |      def size(self):
> |          '''return the size of an AIO buffer'''
> | -        return libnbdmod.aio_buffer_size(self)
> | +        return len(self._o)
> |
> |      def is_zero(self, offset=0, size=-1):
> |          '''
> | @@ -154,7 +156,7 @@ class Buffer(object):
> |          always returns true.  If size > 0, we check the interval
> |          [offset..offset+size-1].
> |          '''
> | -        return libnbdmod.aio_buffer_is_zero(self, offset, size)
> | +        return libnbdmod.aio_buffer_is_zero(self._o, offset, size)
> |
> |
> |  class NBD(object):
> ---
>  generator/Python.ml |  52 ++++++------
>  python/handle.c     | 188 +++++++-------------------------------------
>  2 files changed, 52 insertions(+), 188 deletions(-)

Nice simplification!

> diff --git a/generator/Python.ml b/generator/Python.ml
> index b862b44..270858f 100644
> --- a/generator/Python.ml
> +++ b/generator/Python.ml
> @@ -34,16 +34,11 @@ let
>    pr "#include <assert.h>\n";
>    pr "\n";
>    pr "\
> -struct py_aio_buffer {
> -  Py_ssize_t len;
> -  void *data;
> -};
> -
>  extern char **nbd_internal_py_get_string_list (PyObject *);
>  extern void nbd_internal_py_free_string_list (char **);
>  extern int nbd_internal_py_get_sockaddr (PyObject *,
>      struct sockaddr_storage *, socklen_t *);
> -extern struct py_aio_buffer *nbd_internal_py_get_aio_buffer (PyObject *);
> +extern PyObject *nbd_internal_py_get_aio_buffer (PyObject *);
>  extern PyObject *nbd_internal_py_get_nbd_buffer_type (void);
> 
>  static inline struct nbd_handle *
> @@ -77,9 +72,6 @@ let
>    ) ([ "create"; "close";
>         "display_version";
>         "alloc_aio_buffer";
> -       "aio_buffer_from_bytearray";
> -       "aio_buffer_to_bytearray";
> -       "aio_buffer_size";
>         "aio_buffer_is_zero" ] @ List.map fst handle_calls);
> 
>    pr "\n";
> @@ -109,9 +101,6 @@ let
>    ) ([ "create"; "close";
>         "display_version";
>         "alloc_aio_buffer";
> -       "aio_buffer_from_bytearray";
> -       "aio_buffer_to_bytearray";
> -       "aio_buffer_size";
>         "aio_buffer_is_zero" ] @ List.map fst handle_calls);
>    pr "  { NULL, NULL, 0, NULL }\n";
>    pr "};\n";
> @@ -301,7 +290,7 @@ let
>      | BytesPersistIn (n, _)
>      | BytesPersistOut (n, _) ->
>         pr "  PyObject *%s; /* instance of nbd.Buffer */\n" n;
> -       pr "  struct py_aio_buffer *%s_buf; /* Contents of nbd.Buffer */\n" n
> +       pr "  PyObject *%s_buf; /* Contents of nbd.Buffer */\n" n
>      | Closure { cbname } ->
>         pr "  struct user_data *%s_user_data = NULL;\n" cbname;
>         pr "  PyObject *py_%s_fn;\n" cbname;
> @@ -436,12 +425,16 @@ let
>      | BytesOut (n, count) ->
>         pr "  %s = PyByteArray_FromStringAndSize (NULL, %s);\n" n count;
>         pr "  if (%s == NULL) goto out;\n" n
> -    | BytesPersistIn (n, _) | BytesPersistOut (n, _) ->
> +    | BytesPersistIn (n, _) ->
>         pr "  %s_buf = nbd_internal_py_get_aio_buffer (%s);\n" n n;
>         pr "  if (!%s_buf) goto out;\n" n;
> -       pr "  /* Increment refcount since buffer may be saved by libnbd. */\n";
> -       pr "  Py_INCREF (%s);\n" n;
> -       pr "  completion_user_data->buf = %s;\n" n
> +       pr "  if (PyObject_GetBuffer(%s_buf, &completion_user_data->view,\n" n;
> +       pr "                         PyBUF_CONTIG_RO) < 0) goto out;\n"
> +    | BytesPersistOut (n, _) ->
> +       pr "  %s_buf = nbd_internal_py_get_aio_buffer (%s);\n" n n;
> +       pr "  if (!%s_buf) goto out;\n" n;
> +       pr "  if (PyObject_GetBuffer(%s_buf, &completion_user_data->view,\n" n;
> +       pr "                         PyBUF_CONTIG) < 0) goto out;\n"
>      | Closure { cbname } ->
>         pr "  %s.user_data = %s_user_data = alloc_user_data ();\n" cbname cbname;
>         pr "  if (%s_user_data == NULL) goto out;\n" cbname;
> @@ -482,8 +475,8 @@ let
>      | Bool n -> pr ", %s" n
>      | BytesIn (n, _) -> pr ", %s.buf, %s.len" n n
>      | BytesOut (n, count) -> pr ", PyByteArray_AS_STRING (%s), %s" n count
> -    | BytesPersistIn (n, _)
> -    | BytesPersistOut (n, _) -> pr ", %s_buf->data, %s_buf->len" n n
> +    | BytesPersistIn _ | BytesPersistOut _ ->
> +       pr ", completion_user_data->view.buf, completion_user_data->view.len"
>      | Closure { cbname } -> pr ", %s" cbname
>      | Enum (n, _) -> pr ", %s" n
>      | Flags (n, _) -> pr ", %s_u32" n
> @@ -576,7 +569,8 @@ let
>         pr "  if (%s.obj)\n" n;
>         pr "    PyBuffer_Release (&%s);\n" n
>      | BytesOut (n, _) -> pr "  Py_XDECREF (%s);\n" n
> -    | BytesPersistIn _ | BytesPersistOut _ -> ()
> +    | BytesPersistIn (n, _) | BytesPersistOut (n, _) ->
> +       pr "  Py_XDECREF (%s_buf);\n" n
>      | Closure { cbname } ->
>         pr "  free_user_data (%s_user_data);\n" cbname
>      | Enum _ -> ()
> @@ -625,7 +619,7 @@ let
>    pr " */\n";
>    pr "struct user_data {\n";
>    pr "  PyObject *fn;    /* Optional pointer to Python function. */\n";
> -  pr "  PyObject *buf;   /* Optional pointer to persistent buffer. */\n";
> +  pr "  Py_buffer view;  /* persistent buffer, if view->obj set. */\n";
>    pr "};\n";
>    pr "\n";
>    pr "static struct user_data *\n";
> @@ -646,7 +640,7 @@ let
>    pr "\n";
>    pr "  if (data) {\n";
>    pr "    Py_XDECREF (data->fn);\n";
> -  pr "    Py_XDECREF (data->buf);\n";
> +  pr "    PyBuffer_Release(&data->view);\n";
>    pr "    free (data);\n";
>    pr "  }\n";
>    pr "}\n";
> @@ -768,19 +762,21 @@ let
> 
>      @classmethod
>      def from_bytearray(cls, ba):
> -        '''create an AIO buffer from a bytearray'''
> -        o = libnbdmod.aio_buffer_from_bytearray(ba)
> +        '''create an AIO buffer from a bytearray or other buffer'''
>          self = cls(0)
> -        self._o = o
> +        try:
> +            self._o = memoryview(ba).cast('B')
> +        except TypeError:
> +            self._o = bytearray(ba)
>          return self
> 
>      def to_bytearray(self):
>          '''copy an AIO buffer into a bytearray'''
> -        return libnbdmod.aio_buffer_to_bytearray(self)
> +        return bytearray(self._o)
> 
>      def size(self):
>          '''return the size of an AIO buffer'''
> -        return libnbdmod.aio_buffer_size(self)
> +        return len(self._o)
> 
>      def is_zero(self, offset=0, size=-1):
>          '''
> @@ -794,7 +790,7 @@ let
>          always returns true.  If size > 0, we check the interval
>          [offset..offset+size-1].
>          '''
> -        return libnbdmod.aio_buffer_is_zero(self, offset, size)
> +        return libnbdmod.aio_buffer_is_zero(self._o, offset, size)
> 
> 
>  class NBD(object):
> diff --git a/python/handle.c b/python/handle.c
> index f84c6e0..7f67159 100644
> --- a/python/handle.c
> +++ b/python/handle.c
> @@ -98,205 +98,73 @@ nbd_internal_py_display_version (PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
> 
>  static const char aio_buffer_name[] = "nbd.Buffer";
> 
> -struct py_aio_buffer *
> +PyObject *
>  nbd_internal_py_get_aio_buffer (PyObject *buffer)
>  {
> -  if (PyObject_IsInstance (buffer, nbd_internal_py_get_nbd_buffer_type ())) {
> -    PyObject *capsule = PyObject_GetAttrString(buffer, "_o");
> -    return PyCapsule_GetPointer (capsule, aio_buffer_name);
> -  }
> +  if (PyObject_IsInstance (buffer, nbd_internal_py_get_nbd_buffer_type ()))
> +    return PyObject_GetAttrString(buffer, "_o");
> 
>    PyErr_SetString (PyExc_TypeError,
>                     "aio_buffer: expecting nbd.Buffer instance");
>    return NULL;
>  }
> 
> -static void
> -free_aio_buffer (PyObject *capsule)
> -{
> -  struct py_aio_buffer *buf = PyCapsule_GetPointer (capsule, aio_buffer_name);
> -
> -  if (buf)
> -    free (buf->data);
> -  free (buf);
> -}
> -
>  /* Allocate a persistent buffer used for nbd_aio_pread. */
>  PyObject *
>  nbd_internal_py_alloc_aio_buffer (PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
>  {
> -  struct py_aio_buffer *buf;
> -  PyObject *ret;
> -
> -  buf = malloc (sizeof *buf);
> -  if (buf == NULL) {
> -    PyErr_NoMemory ();
> -    return NULL;
> -  }
> -
> -  if (!PyArg_ParseTuple (args, (char *) "n:nbd_internal_py_alloc_aio_buffer",
> -                         &buf->len)) {
> -    free (buf);
> -    return NULL;
> -  }
> -
> -  if (buf->len < 0) {
> -    PyErr_SetString (PyExc_RuntimeError, "length < 0");
> -    free (buf);
> -    return NULL;
> -  }
> -  buf->data = malloc (buf->len);
> -  if (buf->data == NULL) {
> -    PyErr_NoMemory ();
> -    free (buf);
> -    return NULL;
> -  }
> -
> -  ret = PyCapsule_New (buf, aio_buffer_name, free_aio_buffer);
> -  if (ret == NULL) {
> -    free (buf->data);
> -    free (buf);
> -    return NULL;
> -  }
> -
> -  return ret;
> -}
> -
> -PyObject *
> -nbd_internal_py_aio_buffer_from_bytearray (PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
> -{
> -  PyObject *obj;
> -  PyObject *arr = NULL;
>    Py_ssize_t len;
> -  void *data;
> -  struct py_aio_buffer *buf;
> -  PyObject *ret;
> 
> -  if (!PyArg_ParseTuple (args,
> -                         (char *) "O:nbd_internal_py_aio_buffer_from_bytearray",
> -                         &obj))
> +  if (!PyArg_ParseTuple (args, (char *) "n:nbd_internal_py_alloc_aio_buffer",
> +                         &len))
>      return NULL;
> 
> -  if (! PyByteArray_Check (obj)) {
> -    arr = PyByteArray_FromObject (obj);
> -    if (arr == NULL)
> -      return NULL;
> -    obj = arr;
> -  }
> -  data = PyByteArray_AsString (obj);
> -  if (!data) {
> -    PyErr_SetString (PyExc_RuntimeError,
> -                     "parameter is not a bytearray or buffer");
> -    Py_XDECREF (arr);
> -    return NULL;
> -  }
> -  len = PyByteArray_Size (obj);
> -
> -  buf = malloc (sizeof *buf);
> -  if (buf == NULL) {
> -    PyErr_NoMemory ();
> -    Py_XDECREF (arr);
> -    return NULL;
> -  }
> -
> -  buf->len = len;
> -  buf->data = malloc (len);
> -  if (buf->data == NULL) {
> -    PyErr_NoMemory ();
> -    free (buf);
> -    Py_XDECREF (arr);
> -    return NULL;
> -  }
> -  memcpy (buf->data, data, len);
> -  Py_XDECREF (arr);
> -
> -  ret = PyCapsule_New (buf, aio_buffer_name, free_aio_buffer);
> -  if (ret == NULL) {
> -    free (buf->data);
> -    free (buf);
> -    return NULL;
> -  }
> -
> -  return ret;
> -}
> -
> -PyObject *
> -nbd_internal_py_aio_buffer_to_bytearray (PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
> -{
> -  PyObject *obj;
> -  struct py_aio_buffer *buf;
> -
> -  if (!PyArg_ParseTuple (args,
> -                         (char *) "O:nbd_internal_py_aio_buffer_to_bytearray",
> -                         &obj))
> -    return NULL;
> -
> -  buf = nbd_internal_py_get_aio_buffer (obj);
> -  if (buf == NULL)
> -    return NULL;
> -
> -  return PyByteArray_FromStringAndSize (buf->data, buf->len);
> -}
> -
> -PyObject *
> -nbd_internal_py_aio_buffer_size (PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
> -{
> -  PyObject *obj;
> -  struct py_aio_buffer *buf;
> -
> -  if (!PyArg_ParseTuple (args,
> -                         (char *) "O:nbd_internal_py_aio_buffer_size",
> -                         &obj))
> -    return NULL;
> -
> -  buf = nbd_internal_py_get_aio_buffer (obj);
> -  if (buf == NULL)
> -    return NULL;
> -
> -  return PyLong_FromSsize_t (buf->len);
> +  /* Constructing bytearray(len) in python zeroes the memory; doing it this
> +   * way gives uninitialized memory.  This correctly flags negative len.
> +   */
> +  return PyByteArray_FromStringAndSize (NULL, len);
>  }
> 
>  PyObject *
>  nbd_internal_py_aio_buffer_is_zero (PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
>  {
> -  PyObject *obj;
> -  struct py_aio_buffer *buf;
> +  Py_buffer buf;
>    Py_ssize_t offset, size;
> +  PyObject *ret = NULL;
> 
>    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple (args,
> -                         (char *) "Onn:nbd_internal_py_aio_buffer_is_zero",
> -                         &obj, &offset, &size))
> +                         (char *) "y*nn:nbd_internal_py_aio_buffer_is_zero",
> +                         &buf, &offset, &size))
>      return NULL;
> 
> -  if (size == 0)
> -    Py_RETURN_TRUE;
> -
> -  buf = nbd_internal_py_get_aio_buffer (obj);
> -  if (buf == NULL)
> -    return NULL;
> +  if (size == 0) {
> +    ret = Py_True;
> +    Py_INCREF (ret);
> +    goto out;
> +  }
> 
>    /* Check the bounds of the offset. */
> -  if (offset < 0 || offset > buf->len) {
> +  if (offset < 0 || offset > buf.len) {
>      PyErr_SetString (PyExc_IndexError, "offset out of range");
> -    return NULL;
> +    goto out;
>    }
> 
>    /* Compute or check the length. */
>    if (size == -1)
> -    size = buf->len - offset;
> +    size = buf.len - offset;
>    else if (size < 0) {
>      PyErr_SetString (PyExc_IndexError,
>                       "size cannot be negative, "
>                       "except -1 to mean to the end of the buffer");
> -    return NULL;
> +    goto out;
>    }
> -  else if ((size_t) offset + size > buf->len) {
> +  else if ((size_t) offset + size > buf.len) {
>      PyErr_SetString (PyExc_IndexError, "size out of range");
> -    return NULL;
> +    goto out;
>    }
> 
> -  if (is_zero (buf->data + offset, size))
> -    Py_RETURN_TRUE;
> -  else
> -    Py_RETURN_FALSE;
> +  ret = PyBool_FromLong (is_zero (buf.buf + offset, size));
> + out:
> +  PyBuffer_Release(&buf);
> +  return ret;
>  }
> -- 
> 2.36.1
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Libguestfs mailing list
> Libguestfs at redhat.com
> https://listman.redhat.com/mailman/listinfo/libguestfs

Reviewed-by: Richard W.M. Jones <rjones at redhat.com>

-- 
Richard Jones, Virtualization Group, Red Hat http://people.redhat.com/~rjones
Read my programming and virtualization blog: http://rwmj.wordpress.com
nbdkit - Flexible, fast NBD server with plugins
https://gitlab.com/nbdkit/nbdkit


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